Health Risk and Water Quality Assessment of Surface Water in an Urban River of Bangladesh
| Autor: | Nur-E-Alam, Abu Reza Md. Towfiqul Islam, Aweng Eh Rak, Md. Foysal Hasan, Shujit Chandra Paul, Balram Ambade, Hafizur Rahman, Mohammed Abdus Salam |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
Pollution
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences media_common.quotation_subject Geography Planning and Development TJ807-830 010501 environmental sciences Management Monitoring Policy and Law TD194-195 01 natural sciences water quality Renewable energy sources Risk analysis (business) GE1-350 Turbidity heavy metals 0105 earth and related environmental sciences media_common Karnaphuli river non-carcinogenic risk Environmental effects of industries and plants spatial distribution Renewable Energy Sustainability and the Environment Environmental engineering Total dissolved solids Hazard quotient source identification Salinity Environmental sciences Environmental science PCA test Water quality Surface water |
| Zdroj: | Sustainability Volume 13 Issue 12 Sustainability, Vol 13, Iss 6832, p 6832 (2021) |
| ISSN: | 2071-1050 |
| DOI: | 10.3390/su13126832 |
| Popis: | Despite significant contributions to the national economy of Bangladesh, various urban developments, massive industrial and growing shipping activities are making the water of many urban rivers, including Karnaphuli River, extremely polluted. To find out the pollution sources and their possible health effects, 45 water samples were collected from 15 sampling stations. Investigation of six physicochemical parameters (pH, temperature, total dissolved solids, conductivity, salinity, and turbidity) through in-situ measurements and eight heavy metals (Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn) status using atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS) was carried out in this research. Both the physicochemical parameters and heavy metals exceeded the World Health Organization (WHO)’s permeable threshold limit. The calculated hazard quotient (HQ) and hazard index (HI) ingestion values indicate non-carcinogenic risk both for adults and children, but dermal exposure was within the safety limit. Carcinogenic risk analysis revealed that Cd could cause a risk of cancer in those using the river water for a long period. Spatial analysis and metal pollution index (MPI) results exhibit that downstream of the river water is more polluted than upstream of the river. Overall, the findings of this study imply that polluted water is a threat to human health and the results will also help to undertake proper management strategies and incorporate monitoring programs that study river water for the implementation of safety measures to protect human health. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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