Balancing Inflammation and Central Nervous System Homeostasis: T Cell Receptor Signaling in Antiviral Brain TRM Formation and Function
| Autor: | Colleen S. Netherby-Winslow, Katelyn N. Ayers, Aron E. Lukacher |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
lcsh:Immunologic diseases. Allergy
0301 basic medicine brain-resident memory CD8 T cells Central nervous system Immunology Receptors Antigen T-Cell Inflammation Review virus CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes Biology Lymphocyte Activation neuroinflammation 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Immune system PD-1 medicine Animals Humans Cytotoxic T cell Immunology and Allergy Neuroinflammation Tissue homeostasis T-cell receptor Brain Cell biology 030104 developmental biology medicine.anatomical_structure Viruses Central Nervous System Viral Diseases T cell receptor medicine.symptom lcsh:RC581-607 Immunologic Memory CD8 Signal Transduction 030215 immunology |
| Zdroj: | Frontiers in Immunology, Vol 11 (2021) Frontiers in Immunology |
| ISSN: | 1664-3224 |
| DOI: | 10.3389/fimmu.2020.624144 |
| Popis: | Tissue-resident memory (TRM) CD8 T cells provide early frontline defense against regional pathogen reencounter. CD8 TRM are predominantly parked in nonlymphoid tissues and do not circulate. In addition to this anatomic difference, TRM are transcriptionally and phenotypically distinct from central-memory T cells (TCM) and effector-memory T cells (TEM). Moreover, TRM differ phenotypically, functionally, and transcriptionally across barrier tissues (e.g., gastrointestinal tract, respiratory tract, urogenital tract, and skin) and in non-barrier organs (e.g., brain, liver, kidney). In the brain, TRM are governed by a contextual milieu that balances TRM activation and preservation of essential post-mitotic neurons. Factors contributing to the development and maintenance of brain TRM, of which T cell receptor (TCR) signal strength and duration is a central determinant, vary depending on the infectious agent and modulation of TCR signaling by inhibitory markers that quell potentially pathogenic inflammation. This review will explore our current understanding of the context-dependent factors that drive the acquisition of brain (b)TRM phenotype and function, and discuss the contribution of TRM to promoting protective immune responses in situ while maintaining tissue homeostasis. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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