The Immune System and Its Contribution to Variability in Regenerative Medicine
| Autor: | Hannah Y. Comeau, David R. Maestas, Erika M. Moore, Jennifer H. Elisseeff |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
0206 medical engineering
Biomedical Engineering Bioengineering 02 engineering and technology Disease Regenerative Medicine Bioinformatics Biochemistry Regenerative medicine Biomaterials Immune system Tissue engineering Humans Medicine In patient Review Articles Tissue Engineering business.industry Stem Cells Regeneration (biology) biochemical phenomena metabolism and nutrition 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology 020601 biomedical engineering Immune state Immune System bacteria Stem cell 0210 nano-technology business |
| Zdroj: | Tissue Eng Part B Rev |
| ISSN: | 1937-3376 1937-3368 |
| Popis: | The immune system plays a critical role in directing tissue repair and regeneration outcomes. Tissue engineering technologies that are designed to promote new tissue growth will therefore be impacted by immune factors that are present in patients both locally at the site of intervention and systemically. The immune state of patients can be influenced by many factors, including infection, nutrition, and other disease comorbidities. As a result, the immune state is highly variable and may be a source of variability in tissue-engineered products in the clinic, which is not found in preclinical models. In this review, we will summarize key immune cells and evidence of their activity in tissue repair and potential in tissue engineering systems. We also discuss how clinical translation of tissue engineering strategies, in particular stem cells, helped elucidate the importance of the immune system. With increased understanding of the immune system's role in repair and tissue engineering systems, it will likely become a therapeutic target and component of future therapies. IMPACT STATEMENT: Clinical translation of tissue-engineered products often yields variability in outcomes of repair. The immune system may be a major contributor to this variability. Each person's immune system is highly plastic and represents a living history of infections, diet, age, sex, and inherited genetic traits, as well as environmental factors. As we seek to design tissue-engineered products, we must consider the influence of the immune system on repair outcomes. Additionally, products can be designed to manipulate the immune system to skew toward a phenotype that promotes a desired repair outcome. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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