Phytophthora parasitica Effector PpRxLR2 Suppresses Nicotiana benthamiana Immunity
| Autor: | Ronaldo J. D. Dalio, Henrique Leme Felizatti, Marcos Antonio Machado, Renata O. Dias, Heros J. Máximo, Tiago S. Oliveira, Michèle Claire Breton |
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| Rok vydání: | 2018 |
| Předmět: |
Models
Molecular Phytophthora 0106 biological sciences 0301 basic medicine Physiology Agrobacterium Nicotiana benthamiana Plant Immunity Virulence 01 natural sciences 03 medical and health sciences Immunity Tobacco Gene expression Amino Acid Sequence Phylogeny Genetics Genome biology Effector fungi Proteins food and beverages General Medicine biology.organism_classification Virology Plant Leaves Transformation (genetics) 030104 developmental biology Structural Homology Protein Agronomy and Crop Science 010606 plant biology & botany |
| Zdroj: | Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions®. 31:481-493 |
| ISSN: | 1943-7706 0894-0282 |
| DOI: | 10.1094/mpmi-07-17-0158-fi |
| Popis: | Phytophthora species secrete several classes of effector proteins during interaction with their hosts. These proteins can have multiple functions including modulation of host physiology and immunity. The RxLR effectors have the ability to enter plant cells using the plant machinery. Some of these effectors have been characterized as immunity suppressors; however, very little is known about their functions in the interaction between Phytophthora parasitica and its hosts. Using a bioinformatics pipeline, we have identified 172 candidate RxLR effectors (CREs) in the isolate IAC 01_95 of P. parasitica. Of these 172 CREs, 93 were found to be also present in eight other genomes of P. parasitica, isolated from different hosts and continents. After transcriptomics and gene expression analysis, we have found five CREs to be up-regulated in in-vitro and in-planta samples. Subsequently, we selected three CREs for functional characterization in the model plant Nicotiana benthamiana. We show that PpRxLR2 is able to completely suppress INF-1-induced cell death, whereas PpRxLR3 and PpRxLR5 moderately suppressed N. benthamiana immunity in a less-extensive manner. Moreover, we confirmed the effector-triggered susceptibility activity of these proteins after transient transformation and infection of N. benthamiana plants. All three CREs enhanced virulence of P. parasitica during the interaction with N. benthamiana. These effectors, in particular PpRxLR2, can be targeted for the development of biotechnology-based control strategies of P. parasitica diseases. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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