Brain and muscle adaptation to high-fat diets and exercise: Metabolic transporters, enzymes and substrates in the rat cortex and muscle
| Autor: | Masaki Takimoto, Taku Hamada, Alexandria Béland-Millar, Claude Messier |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
Male
Monocarboxylic Acid Transporters 0301 basic medicine medicine.medical_specialty Muscle Proteins Oxidative phosphorylation Diet High-Fat Oxidative Phosphorylation 03 medical and health sciences chemistry.chemical_compound 0302 clinical medicine Hexokinase Physical Conditioning Animal Internal medicine medicine Animals Insulin Glycolysis Lactic Acid Rats Wistar Muscle Skeletal Molecular Biology Monocarboxylate transporter Glycogen biology Muscle adaptation General Neuroscience Glucose transporter Brain Adaptation Physiological Rats Metabolic pathway Glucose 030104 developmental biology Endocrinology chemistry biology.protein Neurology (clinical) Energy Metabolism 030217 neurology & neurosurgery Developmental Biology |
| Zdroj: | Brain Research. 1749:147126 |
| ISSN: | 0006-8993 |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.brainres.2020.147126 |
| Popis: | There is evidence suggesting that the effects of diet and physical activity on physical and mental well-being are the result of altered metabolic profiles. Though the central and peripheral systems work in tandem, the interactions between peripheral and central changes that lead to these altered states of well-being remains elusive. We measured changes in the metabolic profile of brain (cortex) and muscle (soleus and plantaris) tissue in rats following 5-weeks of treadmill exercise and/or a high-fat diet to evaluate peripheral and central interactions as well as identify any common adaptive mechanisms. To characterize changes in metabolic profiles, we measured relative changes in key metabolic enzymes (COX IV, hexokinase, LDHB, PFK), substrates (BHB, FFA, glucose, lactate, insulin, glycogen, BDNF) and transporters (MCT1, MCT2, MCT4, GLUT1, GLUT3). In the cortex, there was an increase in MCT1 and a decrease in glycogen following the high-fat diet, suggesting an increased reliance on monocarboxylates. Muscle changes were dependent muscle type. Within the plantaris, a high-fat diet increased the oxidative capacity of the muscle likely supported by increased glycolysis, whereas exercise increased the oxidative capacity of the muscle likely supported via increased glycogen synthesis. There was no effect of diet on soleus measurements, but exercise increased its oxidative capacity likely fueled by endogenous and exogenous monocarboxylates. For both the plantaris and soleus, combining exercise training and high-fat diet mediated results, resulting in a middling effect. Together, these results indicate the variable adaptions of two main metabolic pathways: glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation. The results also suggest a dynamic relationship between the brain and body. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
| Externí odkaz: |
|
Full Text from ScienceDirect