Improving In Vitro Cartilage Generation by Co-Culturing Adipose-Derived Stem Cells and Chondrocytes on an Allograft Adipose Matrix Framework
| Autor: | Alan D. Widgerow, Gregory R. D. Evans, Mary Ziegler, Alexandria M Sorensen, Derek A. Banyard |
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| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
Male
Clinical Sciences Sus scrofa Adipose tissue Bioengineering 030230 surgery Regenerative Medicine 03 medical and health sciences Paracrine signalling Chondrocytes 0302 clinical medicine Tissue engineering Stem Cell Research - Nonembryonic - Human Paracrine Communication medicine Animals Humans Reconstructive Surgical Procedures Congenital Microtia Transplantation 5.2 Cellular and gene therapies Tissue Engineering Tissue Scaffolds business.industry Stem Cells Cartilage Microtia Plastic Surgery Procedures Stem Cell Research medicine.disease Chondrogenesis Coculture Techniques Healthy Volunteers In vitro Cell biology medicine.anatomical_structure Adipose Tissue Musculoskeletal 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis Stem Cell Research - Nonembryonic - Non-Human Surgery Development of treatments and therapeutic interventions Ear Cartilage Stem cell business Biotechnology |
| Zdroj: | Plastic and reconstructive surgery, vol 147, iss 1 |
| ISSN: | 0032-1052 |
| Popis: | Background Microtia is an inherited condition that results in varying degrees of external ear deformities; the most extreme form is anotia. Effective surgical reconstruction techniques have been developed. However, these usually require multistage procedures and have other inherent disadvantages. Tissue engineering technologies offer new approaches in the field of external ear reconstruction. In this setting, chondrocytes are cultured in the laboratory with the aim of creating bioengineered cartilage matrices. However, cartilage engineering has many challenges, including difficulty in culturing sufficient chondrocytes. To overcome these hurdles, the authors propose a novel model of cartilage engineering that involves co-culturing chondrocytes and adipose-derived stem cells on an allograft adipose-derived extracellular matrix scaffold. Methods Auricular chondrocytes from porcine ear were characterized. Adipose-derived stem cells were isolated and expanded from human lipoaspirate. Then, the auricular chondrocytes were cultured on the allograft adipose matrix either alone or with the adipose-derived stem cells at different ratios and examined histologically. Results Cartilage induction was most prominent when the cells were co-cultured on the allograft adipose matrix at a ratio of 1:9 (auricular chondrocyte-to-adipose-derived stem cell ratio). Furthermore, because of the xenogeneic nature of the experiment, the authors were able to determine that the adipose-derived stem cells contributed to chondrogenesis by means of a paracrine stimulation of the chondrocytes. Conclusions In this situation, adipose-derived stem cells provide sufficient support to induce the formation of cartilage when the number of auricular chondrocytes available is limited. This novel model of cartilage engineering provides a setting for using the patient's own chondrocytes and adipose tissue to create a customized ear framework that could be further used for surgical reconstruction. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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