Eccentric and concentric exercises induce different adaptions in adipose tissue biology

Autor: Julianne Touron, Laura Maisonnave, Jean-Paul Rigaudière, Christophe Montaurier, Marie De Antonio, Helene Perrault, Ruddy Richard, Frederic Capel
Přispěvatelé: Unité de Nutrition Humaine (UNH), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA), Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA), Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale (IMRB), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-IFR10-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12), Faculty of Health Sciences, Aarhus University [Aarhus], Montreal Chest Institute, McGill University Health Center [Montreal] (MUHC)
Rok vydání: 2023
Předmět:
Zdroj: Journal of Physiology and Biochemistry
Journal of Physiology and Biochemistry, 2023, ⟨10.1007/s13105-023-00956-2⟩
ISSN: 1877-8755
1138-7548
DOI: 10.1007/s13105-023-00956-2
Popis: International audience; Alterations in adipose tissue (AT) metabolism related to inflammation and adipokine's production lead to perturbations in its capacity to store lipids and release fatty acids (FA) during feeding/fasting transition or during exercise. Exercise has a beneficial effect on AT metabolism, but conventional trainings are not always suitable for patients with functional limitations. Dynamic eccentric (ECC) exercise prevents the accumulation of AT and may then overcome those limitations. Consequently, this study aimed at investigating AT's adaptations after ECC training. Nine-week-old male rats were randomly assigned to a control sedentary or three-trained groups for which treadmill slopes modulated exercise oxygen consumption (VO2) and mechanical work (n = 15 per group): (1) + 15% uphill-concentric group (CONC), (2) - 15% downhill group (ECC15, same mechanical work as CONC) and (3) - 30% downhill group (ECC30, same VO2, or oxygen cost as CONC). Body composition and energy expenditure (EE) were measured before and after 8 weeks of training. Subcutaneous AT was collected to study total FA profile and gene expression. Higher total EE was driven by lean mass gain in trained animals. In AT, there was a decrease in arachidonic acid with CONC or ECC15 training. Increased adiponectin, leptin, lipases, Glut4 and Igf1 mRNA levels in ECC15 group suggested major metabolic adaption in AT. In conclusion, ECC could induce beneficial modifications in AT fatty acid profile and the expression of key genes related to metabolism and insulin sensitivity.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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