Pedunculopontine Glutamatergic Neurons Provide a Novel Source of Feedforward Inhibition in the Striatum by Selectively Targeting Interneurons
| Autor: | Daniel Dautan, Maxime Assous, James M. Tepper, Juan Mena-Segovia |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2019 |
| Předmět: |
Male
0301 basic medicine Striatum Biology Optogenetics Medium spiny neuron Inhibitory postsynaptic potential Basal Ganglia Animals Genetically Modified Mice 03 medical and health sciences Glutamatergic 0302 clinical medicine Interneurons Mesencephalon Parasympathetic Nervous System Basal ganglia Pedunculopontine Tegmental Nucleus Animals Research Articles gamma-Aminobutyric Acid Pedunculopontine nucleus Neurons musculoskeletal neural and ocular physiology General Neuroscience Neural Inhibition Axons Neostriatum 030104 developmental biology nervous system Vesicular Glutamate Transport Protein 2 Excitatory postsynaptic potential Female Nerve Net Neuroscience Locomotion 030217 neurology & neurosurgery |
| Zdroj: | The Journal of Neuroscience. 39:4727-4737 |
| ISSN: | 1529-2401 0270-6474 |
| DOI: | 10.1523/jneurosci.2913-18.2019 |
| Popis: | The main excitatory inputs to the striatum arising from the cortex and the thalamus innervate both striatal spiny projection neurons and interneurons. These glutamatergic inputs to striatal GABAergic interneurons have been suggested to regulate the spike timing of striatal projection neurons via feedforward inhibition. Understanding how different excitatory inputs are integrated within the striatal circuitry and how they regulate striatal output is crucial for understanding basal ganglia function and related behaviors. Here, using VGLUT2 mice from both sexes, we report the existence of a glutamatergic projection from the mesencephalic locomotor region to the striatum that avoids the spiny neurons and selectively innervates interneurons. Specifically, optogenetic activation of glutamatergic axons from the pedunculopontine nucleus induced monosynaptic excitation in most recorded striatal cholinergic interneurons and GABAergic fast-spiking interneurons. Optogenetic stimulation in awake head-fixed mice consistently induced an increase in the firing rate of putative cholinergic interneurons and fast-spiking interneurons. In contrast, this stimulation did not induce excitatory responses in spiny neurons but rather disynaptic inhibitory responses ex vivo and a decrease in their firing rate in vivo, suggesting a feedforward mechanism mediating the inhibition of spiny projection neurons through the selective activation of striatal interneurons. Furthermore, unilateral stimulation of pedunculopontine nucleus glutamatergic axons in the striatum induced ipsilateral head rotations consistent with the inhibition of striatal output neurons. Our results demonstrate the existence of a unique interneuron-specific midbrain glutamatergic input to the striatum that exclusively recruits feedforward inhibition mechanisms. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Glutamatergic inputs to the striatum have been shown to target both striatal projection neurons and interneurons and have been proposed to regulate spike timing of the projection neurons in part through feedforward inhibition. Here, we reveal the existence of a midbrain source of glutamatergic innervation to the striatum, originating in the pedunculopontine nucleus. Remarkably, this novel input selectively targets striatal interneurons, avoiding the projection neurons. Furthermore, we show that this selective innervation of interneurons can regulate the firing of the spiny projection neurons and inhibit the striatal output via feedforward inhibition. Together, our results describe a unique source of excitatory innervation to the striatum which selectively recruits feedforward inhibition of spiny neurons without any accompanying excitation. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
| Externí odkaz: |
|