Endosomal cholesterol trafficking: protein factors at a glance
| Autor: | Ximing Du, Hongyuan Yang |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2013 |
| Předmět: |
Chemistry
Endosome Endoplasmic reticulum Biophysics Proteins Biological Transport Endosomes General Medicine Biochemistry Transport Pathway Cell Compartmentation Cell biology Cytosol Cholesterol Cytoplasm Organelle Animals Humans lipids (amino acids peptides and proteins) NPC1 Integral membrane protein |
| Zdroj: | Acta Biochimica et Biophysica Sinica. 45:11-17 |
| ISSN: | 1672-9145 |
| Popis: | The delivery of low-density lipoprotein-derived cholesterol (LDL-C) from endosomal compartments to the plasma membrane and the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is an important yet poorly understood cellular process. Niemann-Pick C1 (NPC1), a multi-pass integral membrane protein on the limiting membranes of late endosomes (LE)/lysosomes (Ly), is known to insert lumenal LDL-C to the limiting membrane of LE/Ly. Recent progress has identified novel cytoplasmic proteins that regulate the exit of LDL-C from LE/Ly, such as ORP5, a member of the oxysterol-binding protein-related protein (ORPs) family, and Hrs/VPS27, a well-established regulator of the endosomal sorting complex required for transport pathway. Whereas ORP5/ORPs may serve as cytosolic cholesterol carriers and deliver cholesterol in a non-vesicular manner, how Hrs/VPS27 regulate endosomal cholesterol sorting remains enigmatic. We discuss the functional relationship between NPC1, Hrs, and ORP5, and formulate possible schemes on how LDL-C may be moved from endosomal compartments to other cellular organelles. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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