Disparate changes in plasma and brainstem cytokine levels in adult and ageing rats associated with age-related changes in facial motoneurone number, snout muscle morphology and exploratory behaviour
| Autor: | Martin Lewis, Ian Johnson, Viythia Katharesan, Robert Vink |
|---|---|
| Přispěvatelé: | Katharesan, Viythia, Lewis, Martin David, Vink, Robert, Johnson, Ian Paul |
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2016 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
medicine.medical_specialty medicine.medical_treatment Central nervous system Biology lcsh:RC346-429 Proinflammatory cytokine 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Internal medicine Blood plasma medicine motor neurons rat lcsh:Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system Original Research neurodegeneration Anatomy Motor neuron Inflammaging cytokines Peripheral Ageing Motoneurones 030104 developmental biology Cytokine medicine.anatomical_structure Endocrinology Neurology ageing Cytokines inflammaging Neurology (clinical) Brainstem 030217 neurology & neurosurgery Neuroscience |
| Zdroj: | Frontiers in Neurology, Vol 7 (2016) Frontiers in Neurology |
| ISSN: | 1664-2295 |
| DOI: | 10.3389/fneur.2016.00191/full |
| Popis: | An overall increase in inflammatory cytokines with age in both the blood and the central nervous system (CNS) has been proposed to explain many aspects of ageing, including decreased motor function and neurodegeneration. This study tests the hypothesis that age-related increases in inflammatory cytokines in the blood and CNS lead to facial motor neuron degeneration. Groups of 3-5 female Sprague-Dawley rats aged 3, 12-18, and 24 months were used. Twelve cytokines interleukin (IL)-1α, IL-β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-10, IL-12p70, IL-13, tumor necrosis factor-a (TNFa), interferon-γ, and granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor were measured in blood plasma and compared with those in the brainstem after first flushing blood from its vessels. The open-field test was used to measure exploratory behavior, and the morphology of the peripheral target muscle of facial motor neurons quantified. Total numbers of facial motor neurons were determined stereologically in separate groups of 3- and 24-month-old rats. Ageing rats showed a significant 30-42% decrease in blood plasma (peripheral) concentrations of IL-12p70 and TNFa and a significant 43-49% increase in brainstem (central) concentrations of IL-1α, IL-2, IL-4, IL-10, and TNFα. They also showed significant reductions in motor neuron number in the right but not left facial nucleus, reduced exploratory behavior, and increase in peripheral target muscle size. Marginal age-related facial motoneuronal loss occurs in the ageing rat and is characterized by complex changes in the inflammatory signature, rather than a general increase in inflammatory cytokines. Refereed/Peer-reviewed |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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