Lowering detection limits for 1,2,3-trichloropropane in water using solid phase extraction coupled to purge and trap sample introduction in an isotope dilution GC-MS method

Autor: Esala Chandrasena, William M. Draper, Wenta Liao, Miriam Ghabour
Rok vydání: 2016
Předmět:
Chromatography
Gas
Environmental Engineering
Halogenation
Health
Toxicology and Mutagenesis
Analytical chemistry
010501 environmental sciences
Isotope dilution
01 natural sciences
California
Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry
Propane
chemistry.chemical_compound
Isotopes
Limit of Detection
Hydrocarbons
Chlorinated
medicine
Environmental Chemistry
Solid phase extraction
Groundwater
0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Dichloromethane
Detection limit
Volatile Organic Compounds
Chromatography
Elution
Chemistry
Solid Phase Extraction
010401 analytical chemistry
Public Health
Environmental and Occupational Health
Diethylene glycol
Reproducibility of Results
Water
General Medicine
General Chemistry
Pollution
Carbon
Hydrocarbons
0104 chemical sciences
Calibration
Solvents
Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry
Water Pollutants
Chemical
Chromatography
Liquid
Disinfectants
Activated carbon
medicine.drug
Zdroj: Chemosphere. 158:171-176
ISSN: 0045-6535
DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.05.061
Popis: Purge and trap sample introduction (PTI) has been the premier sampling and preconcentration technique for gas chromatographic determination of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in drinking water for almost 50 years. PTI affords sub parts-per-billion (ppb) detection limits for purgeable VOCs including fixed gases and higher boiling hydrocarbons and halocarbons. In this study the coupling of solid phase extraction (SPE) to PTI was investigated as a means to substantially increase enrichment and lower detection limits for the emerging contaminant, 1,2,3-trichloropropane (TCP). Water samples (500 mL) were dechlorinated, preserved with a biocide, and spiked with the isotope labeled internal standard, d5-TCP. The entire 500 mL sample was extracted with activated carbon or carbon molecular sieve SPE cartridges, and then eluted with dichloromethane -- excess solvent was removed in a nitrogen evaporator and diethylene glycol “keeper” remaining was dispersed in 5 mL of water for PTI GC-MS analysis. The experimental Method Detection Limit (MDL) for TCP was 0.11 ng/L (ppt) and accuracy was 95–103% in sub-ppt determinations. Groundwater samples including impaired California sources and treated water (n = 21) were analyzed with results ranging from below the method reporting limit (0.30 ng/L) to > 250 ng/L. Coupling of SPE with PTI may provide similar reductions in detection limits for other VOCs with appropriate physical-chemical properties.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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