Effect of Genomic and Amino Acid Sequence Mutation on Virulence and Therapeutic Target of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS COV-2)
| Autor: | Abebe Dukessa Dubiwak, Mengistu Welde Senbetu, Endriyas Kelta Wabalo, Tariku Sime Gizaw |
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| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
RdRp Mutation rate viruses 030106 microbiology RNA-dependent RNA polymerase Virulence Review Biology medicine.disease_cause Virus amino acid sequence mutations 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine medicine Pharmacology (medical) 030212 general & internal medicine Gene Pharmacology Infectivity Mutation SARS COV-2 therapeutic target RNA genomic mutations Virology virulence Infectious Diseases spike proteins |
| Zdroj: | Infection and Drug Resistance |
| ISSN: | 1178-6973 |
| DOI: | 10.2147/idr.s307374 |
| Popis: | The COVID-19 pandemic is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). It is one of the RNA coronaviruses which share the highest mutation rates of RNA viruses when compared with that of their hosts. The collective mutation rate of RNA viruses is up to a million times higher than their hosts and is correlated with enhanced virulence of viruses. The RNA, genomic material of SARS-CoV-2, has the capacity of showing amplified fast changes as the infection spreads. These changes were frequently observed in genes for spike glycoprotein, nucleocapsid, ORF1ab, and ORF8, together with RNA dependent RNA polymerase. In contrast, genes for envelope, membrane, ORF6, ORF7a and ORF7b showed no observable changes in terms of amino acid substitutions. Mutated SARS COV-2 at these particular sites has been associated with viral infectivity, false laboratory results and viral genome mutation and interferes with therapeutic targets. Interferences with therapeutic targets is frequently observed in genes for RdRp. Additionally, mutated viral genes for RdRp render slow fidelity of RdRp protein, resulting in a high mutation rate. Such a high mutation rate might allow new virulent forms of the virus to emerge and influence the disease profile. This review aimed to elaborate on the effect of genomic and amino acid sequence mutations on the virulence and therapeutic targets of SARS COV-2. To achieve this objective, multiple literatures have been reviewed. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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