The effect of e-cigarettes on smoking cessation and cigarette smoking initiation: An evidence-based rapid review and meta-analysis
| Autor: | Nicola Robinson, Fan-Long Bu, Si-jia Zhu, Fei Dong, Ying-Ying Zhang, Jianping Liu, Xiao-Wen Zhang, Jian-Hua Wang |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
medicine.medical_specialty
Health (social science) medicine.medical_treatment Medicine (miscellaneous) lcsh:RC254-282 law.invention rapid review 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine systematic review Randomized controlled trial law Internal medicine medicine 030212 general & internal medicine lcsh:RC705-779 Review Paper 030505 public health business.industry Public Health Environmental and Occupational Health e-cigarettes lcsh:Diseases of the respiratory system Odds ratio lcsh:Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens Nicotine replacement therapy smoking cessation Systematic review Relative risk Meta-analysis smoking initiation Smoking cessation 0305 other medical science business Cohort study |
| Zdroj: | Tobacco Induced Diseases, Vol 19, Iss January, Pp 1-15 (2021) Tobacco Induced Diseases |
| ISSN: | 1617-9625 |
| Popis: | Introduction The contribution made by e-cigarettes to smoking cessation continues to be controversial. Reports suggest that teenagers are becoming increasingly addicted to e-cigarettes and that e-cigarette use in adolescents is associated with subsequent cigarette smoking. Methods Systematic searches of eleven databases were conducted (January 2015 to June 2020). Systematic reviews, randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and cohort studies comparing e-cigarettes with placebo e-cigarettes, nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) or no e-cigarette use were included. The two primary outcomes were smoking cessation among smokers and smoking initiation among non-smoking teenagers. The secondary outcome was adverse events. Data were synthesized using risk ratio (RR) or adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with 95% confidence interval (CI). Results Six systematic reviews, 5 RCTs and 24 cohort studies were identified. For smoking cessation, findings from 4 systematic reviews indicated that e-cigarettes contributed to cessation while one found the opposite. Meta-analysis of 5 RCTs suggested that e-cigarettes were superior to NRT or placebo for smoking cessation (RR=1.55; 95% CI: 1.00–2.40; I 2 =57.6%; low certainty; 5 trials, n=4025). Evidence from 9 cohort studies showed that e-cigarette use was not associated with cessation (AOR=1.16; 95% CI: 0.88–1.54; I 2 =69.0%; n=22220). Subgroup analysis suggested that intensive e-cigarette use may be associated with cessation. In terms of smoking initiation, adolescents who ever used e-cigarettes had a greater risk for smoking initiation than non-users (AOR=2.91; 95% CI: 2.61–3.23; I 2 =61.0%; 15 trials, n=68943), the findings were consistent with one included systematic review. No serious adverse events were reported in the included studies. Conclusions Low certainty evidence suggests that e-cigarettes appear to be potentially effective for smoking cessation. The use of e-cigarettes in adolescents may be associated with smoking initiation. No serious adverse events were reported. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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