A Simulated Microgravity Environment Causes a Sustained Defect in Epithelial Barrier Function
Autor: | Anica Sayoc-Becerra, Cheryl A. Stork, Declan F. McCole, Rocio Alvarez, Ronald R. Marchelletta, G. Kim Prisk |
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Jazyk: | angličtina |
Rok vydání: | 2019 |
Předmět: |
Cell Membrane Permeability
Epithelial Attachment lcsh:Medicine Occludin Article Tight Junctions 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Immune system medicine 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors Humans Gastrointestinal models Aetiology Intestinal Mucosa lcsh:Science Tight junctions Weightlessness Simulation 030304 developmental biology 0303 health sciences Multidisciplinary Tight junction Chemistry Weightlessness lcsh:R Microcarrier Epithelium Microspheres Cell biology medicine.anatomical_structure Simulated microgravity Permeability (electromagnetism) lcsh:Q Digestive Diseases HT29 Cells 030217 neurology & neurosurgery Homeostasis |
Zdroj: | Scientific Reports Scientific reports, vol 9, iss 1 Scientific Reports, Vol 9, Iss 1, Pp 1-15 (2019) |
ISSN: | 2045-2322 |
Popis: | Intestinal epithelial cell (IEC) junctions constitute a robust barrier to invasion by viruses, bacteria and exposure to ingested agents. Previous studies showed that microgravity compromises the human immune system and increases enteropathogen virulence. However, the effects of microgravity on epithelial barrier function are poorly understood. The aims of this study were to identify if simulated microgravity alters intestinal epithelial barrier function (permeability), and susceptibility to barrier-disrupting agents. IECs (HT-29.cl19a) were cultured on microcarrier beads in simulated microgravity using a rotating wall vessel (RWV) for 18 days prior to seeding on semipermeable supports to measure ion flux (transepithelial electrical resistance (TER)) and FITC-dextran (FD4) permeability over 14 days. RWV cells showed delayed apical junction localization of the tight junction proteins, occludin and ZO-1. The alcohol metabolite, acetaldehyde, significantly decreased TER and reduced junctional ZO-1 localization, while increasing FD4 permeability in RWV cells compared with static, motion and flask control cells. In conclusion, simulated microgravity induced an underlying and sustained susceptibility to epithelial barrier disruption upon removal from the microgravity environment. This has implications for gastrointestinal homeostasis of astronauts in space, as well as their capability to withstand the effects of agents that compromise intestinal epithelial barrier function following return to Earth. |
Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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