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Th e correct identifi cation of the taxonomic position of mushroom cultures due to their biotechnological application is a task of paramount importance. A dolipore septae and clamp connections are basic characteristics of Basidiomycetes cultures. A detailed study of clamp connections, anamorphs, and vegetative mycelium structures allows for more accurate morphological characterization of taxa introduced in pure culture. Vegetative mycelium microstructures of more than 150 macromycetes species (Basidiomycota and Ascomycota) were studied using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). New data were obtained on the fi ne microstructures in cultures of medicinal mushroom species of the genera Pleurotus, Ganoderma, Trametes, Agaricus, Auricularia, Oudemansiella, Coprinus, Marasmius, Morchella, and species Lentinus edodes (Berk.) Singer, Hericium erinaceus (Bull.) Pers. , Grifola frondosa (Dicks.:Fr.) S.F.Gray, Hypsizygus marmoreus (Peck) H.E. Bigelow, Schizophyllum commune Fr.:Fr., Piptoporus betulinus (Bull.: Fr.) P.Karst., Omphalotus olearius (DC.:Fr.) Singer, Laetiporus sulphureus (Bull.:Fr.) Murrill , Polyporus squamosus (Huds.) Fr., etc. Th e presence and dislocation of clamp connections on hyphae are essential taxonomic characteristics for some species. Some species have clamps of an original form, namely Oudemansiella m u cidum (Schrad.) Hohn., Auricularia auricula-judae (Fr.) Quel., and Lentinus tigrinus (Bull.:Fr.) Fr.; whereas Piptoporus betulinus (Bull.:Fr.) P. Karst., Pleurotus ostreatus ( Jacq.:Fr.) P.Kumm., and Lyophyllum decastes (Fr.) Singer are characterized with clamp connections of various forms and sizes. Single clamps, whorls of clamps, coupled clamps, and sprouted clamps were observed in cultures of these mushrooms. Clamps are constant in cultures belonging to species of Pleurotus, Coprinus, Oudemansiella, Panus, Lentinus, and Pholiota, but very rarely occurred in |
