Loss of phospholipid asymmetry and elevated brain apoptotic protein levels in subjects with amnestic mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer disease
| Autor: | Hafiz Mohmmad Abdul, Giovanna Cenini, Francesco Galli, D. Allan Butterfield, Miranda L. Bader Lange, Marta Piroddi, Maurizio Memo, Rukhsana Sultana |
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| Rok vydání: | 2008 |
| Předmět: |
Male
medicine.medical_specialty Cellular homeostasis Apoptosis Caspase 3 Phosphatidylserines medicine.disease_cause Article lcsh:RC321-571 Lipid peroxidation Mice chemistry.chemical_compound Alzheimer Disease Internal medicine medicine Animals Humans Longitudinal Studies Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) Alzheimer disease (AD) lcsh:Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry Phospholipids Aged Aged 80 and over Brain Flippase Phosphatidylserine medicine.disease Oxidative Stress Endocrinology Neurology chemistry Biochemistry Bax Phosphatidylserine (PtdSer) Phospholipid asymmetry Female Amnesia Alzheimer's disease Cognition Disorders Oxidative stress |
| Zdroj: | Neurobiology of Disease, Vol 29, Iss 3, Pp 456-464 (2008) |
| ISSN: | 0969-9961 |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.nbd.2007.11.004 |
| Popis: | Oxidative stress, a hallmark of Alzheimer disease (AD), has been shown to induce lipid peroxidation and apoptosis disrupting cellular homeostasis. Normally, the aminophospholipid phosphatidylserine (PtdSer) is asymmetrically distributed on the cytosolic leaflet of the lipid bilayer. Under oxidative stress conditions, asymmetry is altered, characterized by the appearance of PtdSer on the outer leaflet, to initiate the first stages of an apoptotic process. PtdSer asymmetry is actively maintained by the ATP-dependent translocase flippase, whose function is inhibited if covalently bound by lipid peroxidation products, 4-hydroxynonenal (HNE) and acrolein, within the membrane bilayer in which they are produced. Additionally, pro-apoptotic proteins Bax and caspase-3 have been implemented in the oxidative modification of PtdSer resulting in subsequent asymmetric collapse, while anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 has been found to prevent this process. The current investigation focused on detection of PtdSer on the outer leaflet of the bilayer in synaptosomes from brain of subjects with AD and amnestic mild cognitive impairment (MCI), as well as expression levels of apoptosis-related proteins Bcl-2, Bax, and caspase-3. Fluorescence and Western blot analysis suggest PtdSer exposure on the outer leaflet is significantly increased in brain from subjects with MCI and AD contributing to early apoptotic elevation of pro- and anti-apoptotic proteins and finally neuronal loss. MCI is considered a possible transition point between normal cognitive aging and probable AD. Brain from subjects with MCI is reported to have increased levels of tissue oxidation; therefore, the results of this study could mark the progression of patients with MCI into AD. This study contributes to a model of apoptosis-specific oxidation of phospholipids consistent with the notion that PtdSer exposure is required for apoptotic-cell death. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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