Environmental Acquisition of Thiotrophic Endosymbionts by Deep-Sea Mussels of the Genus Bathymodiolus
| Autor: | Yong Jin Won, Gregory D. O'Mullan, Steven J. Hallam, Irvin L. Pan, Kurt R. Buck, Robert C. Vrijenhoek |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2003 |
| Předmět: |
Gills
Gill animal structures Molecular Sequence Data Population Bathymodiolus Biology DNA Mitochondrial Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology Hybrid zone Phylogenetics RNA Ribosomal 16S DNA Ribosomal Spacer Invertebrate Microbiology Animals Seawater Internal transcribed spacer Symbiosis education Atlantic Ocean Mollusca Phylogeny education.field_of_study Bacteria Ecology Host (biology) fungi Sequence Analysis DNA biochemical phenomena metabolism and nutrition biology.organism_classification Endocytosis Microscopy Electron bacteria Polymorphism Restriction Fragment Length Sulfur Food Science Biotechnology |
| Zdroj: | Applied and Environmental Microbiology. 69:6785-6792 |
| ISSN: | 1098-5336 0099-2240 |
| DOI: | 10.1128/aem.69.11.6785-6792.2003 |
| Popis: | Deep-sea Bathymodiolus mussels, depending on species and location, have the capacity to host sulfur-oxidizing (thiotrophic) and methanotrophic eubacteria in gill bacteriocytes, although little is known about the mussels' mode of symbiont acquisition. Previous studies of Bathymodiolus host and symbiont relationships have been based on collections of nonoverlapping species across wide-ranging geographic settings, creating an apparent model for vertical transmission. We present genetic and cytological evidence for the environmental acquisition of thiotrophic endosymbionts by vent mussels from the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. Open pit structures in cell membranes of the gill surface revealed likely sites for endocytosis of free-living bacteria. A population genetic analysis of the thiotrophic symbionts exploited a hybrid zone where two Bathymodiolus species intergrade. Northern Bathymodiolus azoricus and southern Bathymodiolus puteoserpentis possess species-specific DNA sequences that identify both their symbiont strains (internal transcribed spacer regions) and their mitochondria (ND4). However, the northern and southern symbiont-mitochondrial pairs were decoupled in the hybrid zone. Such decoupling of symbiont-mitochondrial pairs would not occur if the two elements were transmitted strictly vertically through the germ line. Taken together, these findings are consistent with an environmental source of thiotrophic symbionts in Bathymodiolus mussels, although an environmentally “leaky” system of vertical transmission could not be excluded. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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