Inactivation of Omi/HtrA2 protease leads to the deregulation of mitochondrial Mulan E3 ubiquitin ligase and increased mitophagy
| Autor: | Nathan Ward, Antonis S. Zervos, Emad S. Alnemri, Lucia Cilenti, Doris Germain, Camilla T. Ambivero |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2014 |
| Předmět: |
Premature aging
Cytoplasm Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases medicine.medical_treatment MFN2 Apoptosis Omi/HtrA2 Mitochondrion Cell Line GTP Phosphohydrolases Mitochondrial Proteins Mice Mitofusin-2 Mitophagy medicine Animals Humans mnd2 mouse Motor Neuron Disease Molecular Biology Cell Nucleus Mice Knockout Protease biology Serine Endopeptidases Neurodegeneration Aging Premature Cell Biology Fibroblasts High-Temperature Requirement A Serine Peptidase 2 medicine.disease Mulan E3 ubiquitin ligase Mitochondria Ubiquitin ligase Cell biology Protein Transport HEK293 Cells Gene Expression Regulation Oxidative stress biology.protein Signal Transduction |
| Zdroj: | Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular Cell Research. 1843:1295-1307 |
| ISSN: | 0167-4889 |
| Popis: | Omi/HtrA2 is a nuclear encoded mitochondrial serine protease with dual and opposite functions that depend entirely on its subcellular localization. During apoptosis, Omi/HtrA2 is released into the cytoplasm where it participates in cell death. While confined in the inter-membrane space of the mitochondria, Omi/HtrA2 has a pro-survival function that may involve the regulation of protein quality control (PQC) and mitochondrial homeostasis. Loss of Omi/HtrA2's protease activity causes the neuromuscular disorder of the mnd2 ( m otor n euron d egeneration 2 ) mutant mice. These mice develop multiple defects including neurodegeneration with parkinsonian features. Loss of Omi/HtrA2 in non-neuronal tissues has also been shown to cause premature aging. The normal function of Omi/HtrA2 in the mitochondria and how its deregulation causes neurodegeneration or premature aging are unknown. Here we report that the mitochondrial Mulan E3 ubiquitin ligase is a specific substrate of Omi/HtrA2. During exposure to H2O2, Omi/HtrA2 degrades Mulan, and this regulation is lost in cells that carry the inactive protease. Furthermore, we show accumulation of Mulan protein in various tissues of mnd2 mice as well as in Omi/HtrA2(−/−) mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs). This causes a significant decrease of mitofusin 2 (Mfn2) protein, and increased mitophagy. Our work describes a new stress-signaling pathway that is initiated in the mitochondria and involves the regulation of Mulan by Omi/HtrA2 protease. Deregulation of this pathway, as it occurs in mnd2 mutant mice, causes mitochondrial dysfunction and mitophagy, and could be responsible for the motor neuron disease and the premature aging phenotype observed in these animals. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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