Dynamic Inversion Enables External Magnets To Concentrate Ferromagnetic Rods to a Central Target
| Autor: | Ben Shapiro, Mario Urdaneta, Irving N. Weinberg, Mika Shimoji, Lamar O. Mair, Stanley T. Fricke, Aleksandar Nelson Nacev, Samuel Kupfer, Pavel Stepanov |
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| Rok vydání: | 2014 |
| Předmět: |
Earnshaw’s theorem
Letter pulsed magnetic fields Materials science Force between magnets Bioengineering Nanotechnology Magnetic targeting General Materials Science deep targeting Earnshaw's theorem ferromagnetic rods Nanotubes Mechanical Engineering General Chemistry Mechanics Models Theoretical equipment and supplies Condensed Matter Physics Potential energy Spin-stabilized magnetic levitation Magnetic field Ferromagnetism Magnet Magnets nanoparticles Reversing concentrating magnetic nanoparticles human activities |
| Zdroj: | Nano Letters |
| ISSN: | 1530-6992 1530-6984 |
| DOI: | 10.1021/nl503654t |
| Popis: | The ability to use magnets external to the body to focus therapy to deep tissue targets has remained an elusive goal in magnetic drug targeting. Researchers have hitherto been able to manipulate magnetic nanotherapeutics in vivo with nearby magnets but have remained unable to focus these therapies to targets deep within the body using magnets external to the body. One of the factors that has made focusing of therapy to central targets between magnets challenging is Samuel Earnshaw’s theorem as applied to Maxwell’s equations. These mathematical formulations imply that external static magnets cannot create a stable potential energy well between them. We posited that fast magnetic pulses could act on ferromagnetic rods before they could realign with the magnetic field. Mathematically, this is equivalent to reversing the sign of the potential energy term in Earnshaw’s theorem, thus enabling a quasi-static stable trap between magnets. With in vitro experiments, we demonstrated that quick, shaped magnetic pulses can be successfully used to create inward pointing magnetic forces that, on average, enable external magnets to concentrate ferromagnetic rods to a central location. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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