Stem-cell-derived models: tools for studying role of microbiota in intestinal homeostasis and disease
| Autor: | Rishu Dheer, Vincent B. Young |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
Gastrointestinal tract
Human intestine Microbiota Stem Cells Gastroenterology Computational biology Disease Biology Article Gastrointestinal Microbiome Intestines Organoids Epithelial homeostasis 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Intestinal homeostasis 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis Homeostasis Humans 030211 gastroenterology & hepatology Stem cell Function (biology) Epithelial cell differentiation |
| Zdroj: | Curr Opin Gastroenterol |
| ISSN: | 1531-7056 0267-1379 |
| Popis: | Purpose of review In this review, we will summarize the recent progress made in generating stem-cell-based organoid and enteroid models of the gastrointestinal tract and their importance in understanding the role of microbes in intestinal epithelial homeostasis and disease. Recent finding Intestinal stem-cell-derived culture systems are self-organizing three-dimensional organotypic cultures that recapitulate many cellular, architectural and functional aspects of the human intestine. Progress has been made in the development of methods to incorporate additional cell lineages and physiological cues to better mimic the complexity of the intestine. Current model systems have facilitated both the study of gastrointestinal infections and interactions with normally nonpathogenic microbial residents of the gastrointestinal tract. These studies have illustrated how live microbes, or their metabolites, ligands and virulence factors influence epithelial cell differentiation, maintenance, repair, function and intestine development. Summary Organotypic models are invaluable tools for studying host-microbe interactions that complement in-vivo experimental model systems. These models have evolved in terms of complexity and fidelity. The stem-cell-based models are already at forefront for studying host-microbe interactions and with continued development, the future looks even more promising. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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