Smell and taste alterations in COVID‐19: a cross‐sectional analysis of different cohorts

Autor:	Stefano Taboni, Elena Raffetti, Alberto Grammatica, Alberto Schreiber, Alberto Deganello, Roberto Maroldi, Tommaso Gualtieri, Silvia Zorzi, Davide Mattavelli, Luca Oscar Redaelli de Zinis, Michele Tomasoni, Alberto Paderno, Davide Lombardi
Jazyk:	angličtina
Rok vydání:	2020
Předmět:	Male medicine.medical_specialty COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2 gustatory dysfunction olfactory dysfunction smell taste Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) Cross-sectional study Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Pneumonia Viral Dysgeusia SARS‐CoV‐2 Betacoronavirus Olfaction Disorders 03 medical and health sciences Sex Factors 0302 clinical medicine COVID‐19 Internal medicine Prevalence medicine Humans Immunology and Allergy Original Research Article 030223 otorhinolaryngology Pandemics business.industry Age Factors Mean age Recovery of Function Middle Aged University hospital Confidence interval Cross-Sectional Studies Italy 030228 respiratory system Otorhinolaryngology Cohort Female Symptom Assessment medicine.symptom Coronavirus Infections business
Zdroj:	International Forum of Allergy & Rhinology
ISSN:	2042-6984 2042-6976
DOI:	10.1002/alr.22610
Popis:	Background Olfactory (OD) and gustatory (GD) dysfunction have been proven to be a typical symptom of severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. However, their prevalence in different patient populations still needs to be clarified. Methods A cross-sectional study was performed from March 27 to April 1, 2020, in Northern Italy. Physicians administered a survey-based questionnaire to SARS-CoV-2-positive patients with the aim of assessing symptoms, focusing on OD and GD. Two groups were studied: group A, patients hospitalized at Azianda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale (ASST) Spedali Civili University Hospital of Brescia; and group B, home-quarantined subjects. Results A total of 508 patients were enrolled: 295 in group A and 213 in group B. Mean age ± standard deviation (SD) was 55 ± 15 years; 56% were men. Overall, OD and GD were present in 56% (95% confidence interval [CI], 51% to 60%) and 63% (95% CI, 59% to 67%) of cases, respectively. In group A, the prevalence of OD and GD was 44% (95% CI, 38% to 50%) and 52% (95% CI, 46% to 58%), respectively. In group B, the prevalence of OD and GD was 72% (95% CI, 65% to 79%) and 79% (95% CI, 73% to 84%), respectively. In the entire cohort, total loss of olfaction and taste was reported in 64% and 60% of cases, respectively. OD and GD occurred as the first symptom in 10% and 11% of cases, respectively; in the remaining cases, they occurred after a mean of 4 ± 3 days following the first symptom. At the time of the questionnaire, complete resolution of OD and GD was reported in 52% and 55% of cases, respectively (mean duration, 9 ± 5 days in both). Conclusion OD and GD are more prevalent in home-quarantined subjects, and they are independently associated with younger age and female gender.
Databáze:	OpenAIRE
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