In Vitro Consequences of Electronic-Cigarette Flavoring Exposure on the Immature Lung
| Autor: | Satyan Lakshminrusimha, Sara K. Berkelhamer, Maciej L. Goniewicz, Sylvia F. Gugino, Noel J. Leigh, Justin Helman |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2019 |
| Předmět: |
Health
Toxicology and Mutagenesis lcsh:Medicine Pharmacology Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems Toxicology Fetal Development chemistry.chemical_compound 0302 clinical medicine Smooth Muscle 2.2 Factors relating to the physical environment immature lung 030212 general & internal medicine Aetiology Lung Pediatric 0303 health sciences Chemistry food and beverages electronic cigarette flavorings Menthol medicine.anatomical_structure electronic cigarettes Toxicity Respiratory Programmed cell death Myocytes Smooth Muscle In Vitro Techniques Pulmonary Artery Article 03 medical and health sciences Lactate dehydrogenase medicine.artery Tobacco Toxicity Tests medicine Animals 030304 developmental biology lung development Fetus Myocytes Sheep Tobacco Smoke and Health lcsh:R Public Health Environmental and Occupational Health toxicity Newborn In vitro Flavoring Agents Good Health and Well Being Animals Newborn Pulmonary artery |
| Zdroj: | International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Vol 16, Iss 19, p 3635 (2019) International journal of environmental research and public health, vol 16, iss 19 Volume 16 Issue 19 |
| ISSN: | 1660-4601 1661-7827 |
| Popis: | Background: The developing lung is uniquely susceptible and may be at increased risk of injury with exposure to e-cigarette constituents. We hypothesize that cellular toxicity and airway and vascular responses with exposure to flavored refill solutions may be altered in the immature lung. Methods: Fetal, neonatal, and adult ovine pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMC) were exposed to popular flavored nicotine-free e-cigarette refill solutions (menthol, strawberry, tobacco, and vanilla) and unflavored solvents: propylene glycol (PG) or vegetable glycerin (VG). Viability was assessed by lactate dehydrogenase assay. Brochodilation and vasoreactivity were determined on isolated ovine bronchial rings (BR) and pulmonary arteries (PA). Results: Neither PG or VG impacted viability of immature or adult cells however, exposure to menthol and strawberry flavored solutions increased cell death. Neonatal cells were uniquely susceptible to menthol flavoring-induced toxicity, and all four flavorings demonstrated lower lethal doses (LD50) in immature PASMC. Exposure to flavored solutions induced bronchodilation of neonatal BR, while only menthol induced airway relaxation in adults. In contrast, PG/VG and flavored solutions did not impact vasoreactivity with the exception of menthol-induced relaxation of adult PAs. Conclusion: The immature lung is uniquely susceptible to cellular toxicity and altered airway responses with exposure to common flavored e-cigarette solutions. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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