Nasopharyngeal oxygen therapy produces positive end-expiratory pressure in infants
| Autor: | Frank Shann, Peter J. McQuillan, Bernhard Frey, Nicholas Freezer |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2001 |
| Předmět: |
Male
medicine.medical_treatment chemistry.chemical_element Oxygen Positive-Pressure Respiration Nasopharynx Oxygen therapy medicine Humans Respiratory system Positive end-expiratory pressure Lung Pulmonary Gas Exchange business.industry Infant Newborn Oxygen Inhalation Therapy Infant Oxygenation Respiratory Function Tests medicine.anatomical_structure chemistry Anesthesia Practice Guidelines as Topic Pediatrics Perinatology and Child Health Breathing Female business Respiratory minute volume |
| Zdroj: | European Journal of Pediatrics. 160:556-560 |
| ISSN: | 1432-1076 0340-6199 |
| DOI: | 10.1007/s004310100798 |
| Popis: | The World Health Organisation recommends nasopharyngeal catheters as a safe and efficient method of oxygen administration in infants. However, little is known about the mechanisms of the improvement in oxygenation. The aim of the present study was to determine whether nasopharyngeal oxygen therapy produces positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP). Nine spontaneously breathing infants (median age 13 months, range 10 days to 20 months) after heart surgery were investigated. All patients had normal pulmonary blood flow at the time of the study (Qp:Qs=1:1). Oxygen (oxygen fraction 1.0) was delivered by an 8 F catheter inserted into the nasopharynx (tip just visible below the soft palate). The pulmonary mechanics were analysed using a single compartment model of the respiratory system. Oesophageal pressure (Pes) at end-expiration, dynamic lung compliance (CL) and resistance (RL), minute ventilation, PaCO2 and PaO2 were measured at baseline without a nasopharyngeal catheter or oxygen, and at oxygen flows of 0.5 l/min, 1.0 l/min and 2.0 l/min. All the flows generated significant increases in PEEP. Mean difference in PEEP (SD, paired t-test versus baseline): 1.6 cm H2O (1.4, P=0.008) with 0.5 l/min of oxygen; 2.8 cm H2O (2.7, P=0.014) with 1.0 l/min of oxygen; and 4.0 cm H2O (2.9, P=0.004) with 2.0 l/min of oxygen. There was a significant correlation between all the nasopharyngeal flows (in ml/kg per min) and the generated PEEP (P |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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