Advances in clinical outcomes: What we have learned during the COVID-19 pandemic

Autor: Amer Al-Musa, Brenna LaBere, Saddiq Habiballah, Alan A. Nguyen, Janet Chou
Rok vydání: 2022
Předmět:
BMI
body mass index
RR
relative risk
Risk Factors
SOCS1
Suppressor of Cytokine Signaling
Immunology and Allergy
TNF-α
tumor necrosis factor alpha
COVID-19
Coronavirus disease 2019
Sulfonamides
LRBA
Lipopolysaccharide-Responsive Beige-Like Anchor Protein
Antibodies
Monoclonal
Prognosis
MCP
monocyte chemotactic protein
Treatment Outcome
CXCL
CXC motif chemokine ligand
JAK
Janus kinase
CVID
common variable immunodeficiency
TLR
Toll-like receptor
CYBB
beta subunit of cytochrome b
MIS-C
Multisystem Inflamatory Syndrome in Children
COVID-19 Vaccines
BAL
bronchial lavage fluid
Immunology
XIAP
X-linked Inhibitor of Apoptosis
primary immunodeficiency
ACE2
angiotensin-converting enzyme 2
Antiviral Agents
Article
EUA
emergency use authorization
PIDs
primary immunodeficiencies
MHC
major histocompatibility complex
Humans
biologics
IFN
interferon
CCL
C-C motif ligand
RCT
randomized control trial
PEG
polyethylene glycol
Biological Products
SARS-CoV-2
Interleukin-6
Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes
COVID-19
asthma
HR
hazard ratio
Survival Analysis
CI
confidence interval
OR
odds ratio
IVIG
intravenous immunoglobulin
Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein
Purines
Azetidines
Pyrazoles
CTLA-4
Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-Associated Protein 4
ECMO
extracorporeal membrane oxygenation
Biomarkers
Zdroj: The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
ISSN: 0091-6749
DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2021.12.775
Popis: Our understanding of risk factors and interventions influencing outcomes from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has continued to evolve, revealing advances emerging from hypotheses formed at the start of the pandemic. Epidemiologic studies have shown that asthma control, rather than a diagnosis of asthma, is a determinant of COVID-19 severity. Clinical outcomes in patients with primary immunodeficiencies, even in those with impaired cellular immunity, are variable. IL-6 has emerged as a reliable biomarker of COVID-19 severity, and large clinical trials have shown the potential for improving outcomes through inhibition of IL-6 signaling in some patients. Studies of genetic risk factors for severe COVID-19 have also revealed the importance of interferon homeostasis in the defense against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. Because COVID-19 vaccines constitute the primary tool for ending this pandemic, strategies have been developed to address potential allergic and immune-mediated reactions. Here, we discuss advances in our understanding of COVID-19 risk factors and outcomes within the context of allergic and immunologic mechanisms.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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