Prevalent Herpes Simplex Virus-2 Increases the Risk of Incident Bacterial Vaginosis in Women from South Africa
Autor: | Sarita Naidoo, Gita Ramjee, Makandwe Nyirenda, Nathlee Abbai |
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Rok vydání: | 2017 |
Předmět: |
Adult
medicine.medical_specialty Social Psychology Herpesvirus 2 Human 030231 tropical medicine Psychological intervention Administration Oral HIV Infections medicine.disease_cause Article law.invention South Africa Young Adult 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Double-Blind Method Randomized controlled trial Risk Factors law HIV Seronegativity Internal medicine medicine Humans 030212 general & internal medicine Risk factor Tenofovir Developing Countries Herpes Genitalis Unsafe Sex business.industry Emtricitabine Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate Drug Combination Incidence Public health Incidence (epidemiology) Hazard ratio Public Health Environmental and Occupational Health Vaginosis Bacterial medicine.disease Administration Intravaginal Cross-Sectional Studies Infectious Diseases Herpes simplex virus Immunology Female Bacterial vaginosis business Gels |
Zdroj: | AIDS and Behavior. 22:2172-2180 |
ISSN: | 1573-3254 1090-7165 |
Popis: | Studies have shown that women diagnosed with herpes simplex virus-2 (HSV-2) have a higher risk for bacterial vaginosis (BV) infection. We investigated the presence of HSV-2 infections as a risk factor for incident BV infections in high risk, Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) uninfected women enrolled in a HIV prevention trial in Durban, South Africa. The Vaginal and Oral Interventions to Control the Epidemic trial was a multicentre, double blinded, randomized controlled trial which was designed to estimate the effectiveness of daily treatment with vaginal tenofovir gel, oral tenofovir disoproxil fumarate and oral Truvada in preventing HIV-1 infection in women. Women provided samples for the diagnosis of HSV-2 and BV. The presence of HSV-2 antibodies was detected using HerpeSelect™ ELISA IgG. Bacterial vaginosis was diagnosed using the Nugent scoring system. To assess the risk of BV incidence, modelled as a time-dependent variable, we used the Andersen-Gill model with robust variance estimation and Efron methods for ties. Overall, 2750 women were enrolled in the VOICE trial at our study sites. Women who had a HSV-2 infection at enrolment were shown to be at increased risk for incident BV infections (adjusted hazard ratio 1.17, 95% CI 1.08, 1.27, p ≤ 0.001). In addition, being of a young age, being unmarried and having a partner that has other partners were significantly associated with subsequent BV infection. Our findings therefore advocate the need for strengthening STI prevention efforts among women in high burden STI settings. |
Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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