Expansions of the neurovascular scleral canal and contained optic nerve occur early in the hypertonic saline rat experimental glaucoma model
| Autor: | Elaine C. Johnson, Claude F. Burgoyne, Marta Pazos, William O. Cepurna, John C. Morrison, Hongli Yang, Stuart K. Gardiner |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2016 |
| Předmět: |
Male
Neural Tube medicine.medical_specialty genetic structures Optic Disk Glaucoma Article 03 medical and health sciences Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience 0302 clinical medicine Ophthalmology Ulls -- Malalties i defectes medicine Animals skin and connective tissue diseases Saline Solution Hypertonic business.industry Anatomy Neurovascular bundle medicine.disease eye diseases Sensory Systems Rats Hypertonic saline Disease Models Animal 030221 ophthalmology & optometry Optic nerve Bruch Membrane sense organs Neural Canal business Sclera 030217 neurology & neurosurgery |
| Zdroj: | Experimental Eye Research. 145:173-186 |
| ISSN: | 0014-4835 |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.exer.2015.10.014 |
| Popis: | PURPOSE: To characterize early optic nerve head (ONH) structural change in rat experimental glaucoma (EG). METHODS: Unilateral intraocular pressure (IOP) elevation was induced in Brown Norway rats by hypertonic saline injection into the episcleral veins and animals were sacrificed 4 weeks later by perfusion fixation. Optic nerve cross-sections were graded from 1 (normal) to 5 (extensive injury) by 5 masked observers. ONHs with peripapillary retina and sclera were embedded, serial sectioned, 3-D reconstructed, delineated, and quantified. Overall and animal-specific EG versus Control eye ONH parameter differences were assessed globally and regionally by linear mixed effect models with significance criteria adjusted for multiple comparisons. RESULTS: Expansions of the optic nerve and surrounding anterior scleral canal opening achieved statistical significance overall (p < 0.0022), and in 7 of 8 EG eyes (p < 0.005). In at least 5 EG eyes, significant expansions (p < 0.005) in Bruch's membrane opening (BMO) (range 3-10%), the anterior and posterior scleral canal openings (8-21% and 5-21%, respectively), and the optic nerve at the anterior and posterior scleral canal openings (11-30% and 8-41%, respectively) were detected. Optic nerve expansion was greatest within the superior and inferior quadrants. Optic nerve expansion at the posterior scleral canal opening was significantly correlated to optic nerve damage (R = 0.768, p = 0.042). CONCLUSION: In the rat ONH, the optic nerve and surrounding BMO and neurovascular scleral canal expand early in their response to chronic experimental IOP elevation. These findings provide phenotypic landmarks and imaging targets for detecting the development of experimental glaucomatous optic neuropathy in the rat eye. Supported in part by NIH grants R01EY011610 (CFB), R01EY10145 (JCM) and R01EY16866 (ECJ)) from the National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland; The Legacy Good Samaritan Foundation, Portland, Oregon; the Sears Trust for Biomedical Research, Mexico, Missouri; the Alcon Research Institute, Fort Worth, Texas; and an unrestricted grant from Research to Prevent Blindness. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
| Externí odkaz: |
|
Full Text from ScienceDirect