Desmosterol Increases Lipid Bilayer Fluidity during Hepatitis C Virus Infection
| Autor: | Deirdre A. Costello, Valerie A. Villareal, Priscilla L. Yang |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2016 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Membrane Fluidity Hepatitis C virus Lipid Bilayers Hepacivirus Biology Virus Replication 010402 general chemistry medicine.disease_cause 01 natural sciences Article 03 medical and health sciences chemistry.chemical_compound Desmosterol Membrane fluidity medicine Humans Lipid bilayer Cholesterol Cell Membrane Fluorescence recovery after photobleaching Hepatitis C 0104 chemical sciences Cell biology 030104 developmental biology Infectious Diseases chemistry Viral replication Intracellular |
| Zdroj: | ACS Infectious Diseases |
| ISSN: | 2373-8227 |
| DOI: | 10.1021/acsinfecdis.6b00086 |
| Popis: | Hepatitis C virus (HCV) uniquely affects desmosterol homeostasis by increasing its intracellular abundance and affecting its localization. These effects are important for productive viral replication because the inhibition of desmosterol synthesis has an antiviral effect that can be rescued by the addition of exogenous desmosterol. Here, we use subgenomic replicons to show that desmosterol has a major effect on the replication of HCV JFH1 RNA. Fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) experiments performed with synthetic supported lipid bilayers demonstrate that the substitution of desmosterol for cholesterol significantly increases the lipid bilayer fluidity, especially in the presence of saturated phospholipids and ceramides. We demonstrate using LC-MS that desmosterol is abundant in the membranes upon which genome replication takes place and that supported lipid bilayers derived from these specialized membranes also exhibit significantly higher fluidity compared to that of negative control membranes isolated from cells lacking HCV. Together, these data suggest a model in which the fluidity-promoting effects of desmosterol on lipid bilayers play a crucial role in the extensive membrane remodeling that takes place in the endoplasmic reticulum during HCV infection. We anticipate that the supported lipid bilayer system described can provide a useful model system in which to interrogate the effects of lipid structure and composition on the biophysical properties of lipid membranes as well as their function in viral processes such as genome replication. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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