Impact of Tailored Multicomponent Exercise for Preventing Weakness and Falls on Nursing Home Residents' Functional Capacity
Autor: | Mikel Izquierdo, Ángel Buendía-Romero, Silverio García-Conesa, Javier Courel-Ibáñez, Jesús G. Pallarés, Alejandro Martínez-Cava |
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Rok vydání: | 2021 |
Předmět: |
Male
Weakness medicine.medical_specialty law.invention 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Randomized controlled trial law Intervention (counseling) medicine Humans 030212 general & internal medicine Cardiovascular fitness Exercise General Nursing Balance (ability) Aged Frailty Hand Strength business.industry Health Policy General Medicine medicine.disease Exercise Therapy Nursing Homes Long-term care Sarcopenia Physical therapy Accidental Falls Female Geriatrics and Gerontology medicine.symptom Nursing homes business 030217 neurology & neurosurgery |
Zdroj: | Journal of the American Medical Directors Association. 23(1) |
ISSN: | 1538-9375 |
Popis: | We aimed to determine whether the benefits of long (24 weeks) and short (4 weeks) training programs persisted after short (6 weeks) and long (14 weeks) periods of inactivity in older adult nursing home residents with sarcopenia.Multicenter randomized trial.The Vivifrail tailored, multicomponent exercise program (http://vivifrail.com) was conducted to individually prescribe exercise for frail older adults, depending on their functional capacity. The training included 4 levels combining strength and power, balance, flexibility, and cardiovascular endurance exercises.Twenty-four institutionalized older adults (87.1 ± 7.1 years, 58.3% women) diagnosed with sarcopenia were allocated into 2 groups: the Long Training-Short Detraining (LT-SD) group completed 24 weeks of supervised Vivifrail training followed by 6 weeks of detraining; the Short Training-Long Detraining (ST-LD) group completed 4 weeks of training and 14 weeks of detraining.Changes in functional capacity and strength were evaluated at baseline, and after short and long training and detraining periods.Benefits after short and long exercise interventions persisted when compared with baseline. Vivifrail training was highly effective in the short term (4 weeks) in increasing functional and strength performance (effect size = 0.32-1.44, P.044) with the exception of handgrip strength. Continued training during 24 weeks produced 10% to 20% additional improvements (P.036). Frailty status was reversed in 36% of participants, with 59% achieving high self-autonomy. Detraining resulted in a 10% to 25% loss of strength and functional capacity even after 24 weeks of training (effects size = 0.24-0.92, P.039).Intermittent strategies such as 4 weeks of supervised exercise 3 times yearly with no more than 14 weeks of inactivity between exercise periods appears as an efficient solution to the global challenge of maintaining functional capacity and can even reverse frailty in vulnerable institutionalized older adults. |
Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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