Annals of the American Thoracic Society
| Autor: | Kevin R. Cromar, Susan C. Anenberg, John R. Balmes, Allen A. Fawcett, Marya Ghazipura, Julia M. Gohlke, Masahiro Hashizume, Peter Howard, Eric Lavigne, Karen Levy, Jaime Madrigano, Jeremy A. Martinich, Erin A. Mordecai, Mary B. Rice, Shubhayu Saha, Noah C. Scovronick, Fatih Sekercioglu, Erik R. Svendsen, Benjamin F. Zaitchik, Gary Ewart |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2022 |
| Předmět: |
Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine
Air Pollutants Climate Change temperature Economic social cost of greenhouse gases Global Health mortality Climate Action Greenhouse Gases Models Economic Good Health and Well Being Models Air Pollution Humans Climate-Related Exposures and Conditions economic models Health and social care services research 8.2 Health and welfare economics |
| Zdroj: | Annals of the American Thoracic Society, vol 19, iss 7 |
| Popis: | Rationale: Avoiding excess health damages attributable to climate change is a primary motivator for policy interventions to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. However, the health benefits of climate mitigation, as included in the policy assessment process, have been estimated without much input from health experts. Objectives: In accordance with recommendations from the National Academies in a 2017 report on approaches to update the social cost of greenhouse gases (SC-GHG), an expert panel of 26 health researchers and climate economists gathered for a virtual technical workshop in May 2021 to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis and recommend improvements to the estimation of health impacts in economic-climate models. Methods: Regionally resolved effect estimates of unit increases in temperature on net all-cause mortality risk were generated through random-effects pooling of studies identified through a systematic review. Results: Effect estimates and associated uncertainties varied by global region, but net increases in mortality risk associated with increased average annual temperatures (ranging from 0.1% to 1.1% per 1 degrees C) were estimated for all global regions. Key recommendations for the development and utilization of health damage modules were provided by the expert panel and included the following: not relying on individual methodologies in estimating health damages; incorporating a broader range of cause-specific mortality impacts; improving the climate parameters available in economic models; accounting for socioeconomic trajectories and adaptation factors when estimating health damages; and carefully considering how air pollution impacts should be incorporated in economic-climate models. Conclusions: This work provides an example of how subject-matter experts can work alongside climate economists in making continued improvements to SC-GHG estimates. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Published version Supported by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences. The views expressed in this manuscript are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their employers, including the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and Health Canada, and no official endorsement should be inferred. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
| Externí odkaz: |
|