Prevalence of loss-of-function **FTO** mutations in lean and obese individuals
| Autor: | François Pattou, Barbara Sedgwick, Ruth Gutierrez-Aguilar, Stephen O'Rahilly, Marcella Ma, Hiroko Kawagoe-Takaki, Hélène Choquet, Luc Van Gaal, David Meyre, Philippe Froguel, I. Sadaf Farooqi, Karine Proulx, Wim Van Hul, Sophie Visvikis-Siest, Fritz F. Horber, Giles S.H. Yeo, Beverley Balkau, Debbie Lyon, Vladimir Saudek, Vincent Vatin |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2010 |
| Předmět: |
medicine.medical_specialty
Endocrinology Diabetes and Metabolism Alpha-Ketoglutarate-Dependent Dioxygenase FTO 030209 endocrinology & metabolism Single-nucleotide polymorphism Biology medicine.disease_cause Polymorphism Single Nucleotide 03 medical and health sciences Exon 0302 clinical medicine Thinness Reference Values Polymorphism (computer science) Molecular genetics Internal medicine Genetics Internal Medicine medicine Humans Obesity 030304 developmental biology 2. Zero hunger 0303 health sciences Mutation Intron Proteins nutritional and metabolic diseases Exons medicine.disease Introns Endocrinology Amino Acid Substitution Original Article Human medicine |
| Zdroj: | Diabetes Diabetes; Vol 59 |
| ISSN: | 0012-1797 |
| Popis: | OBJECTIVE Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in intron 1 of fat mass– and obesity-associated gene (FTO) are strongly associated with human adiposity, whereas Fto−/− mice are lean and Fto+/− mice are resistant to diet-induced obesity. We aimed to determine whether FTO mutations are disproportionately represented in lean or obese humans and to use these mutations to understand structure-function relationships within FTO. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We sequenced all coding exons of FTO in 1,433 severely obese and 1,433 lean individuals. We studied the enzymatic activity of selected nonsynonymous variants. RESULTS We identified 33 heterozygous nonsynonymous variants in lean (2.3%) and 35 in obese (2.4%) individuals, with 8 mutations unique to the obese and 11 unique to the lean. Two novel mutations replace absolutely conserved residues: R322Q in the catalytic domain and R96H in the predicted substrate recognition lid. R322Q was unable to catalyze the conversion of 2-oxoglutarate to succinate in the presence or absence of 3-methylthymidine. R96H retained some basal activity, which was not enhanced by 3-methylthymidine. However, both were found in lean and obese individuals. CONCLUSIONS Heterozygous, loss-of-function mutations in FTO exist but are found in both lean and obese subjects. Although intron 1 SNPs are unequivocally associated with obesity in multiple populations and murine studies strongly suggest that FTO has a role in energy balance, it appears that loss of one functional copy of FTO in humans is compatible with being either lean or obese. Functional analyses of FTO mutations have given novel insights into structure-function relationships in this enzyme. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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