A Half Century of Oral Rehydration Therapy in Childhood Gastroenteritis: Toward Increasing Uptake and Improving Coverage
| Autor: | Zulfiqar A Bhutta, Amira M. Khan, James Wright |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2019 |
| Předmět: |
Health Knowledge
Attitudes Practice Physiology medicine.medical_treatment Population Health Promotion World Health Organization Health Services Accessibility Dysentery Environmental health medicine Humans Oral rehydration therapy Child education education.field_of_study Under-five business.industry Child Health Gastroenterology Infant Coverage data Gastroenteritis Trace Elements Epidemic diarrhea Zinc Diarrhea Oral rehydration solutions Child Preschool Rehydration Solutions Fluid Therapy Guideline Adherence medicine.symptom business Infectious gastroenteritis |
| Zdroj: | Digestive Diseases and Sciences. 65:355-360 |
| ISSN: | 1573-2568 0163-2116 |
| Popis: | Termed by the Lancet, as "potentially the most important medical advance of the twentieth century," therapy with oral rehydration solutions (ORSs) has been essential to reducing mortality in children less than 5 years (under five) with infectious gastroenteritis and diarrhea. The target of the diarrhea-control programs in the 1990s was to achieve ORS use in 80% of diarrhea cases by the year 2000. Nevertheless, nearly 20 years later, global uptake remains limited to only a third of the cases. Our analysis shows that from 1990 to 2017, mean ORS coverage in Countdown countries [the 81 Countdown-to-2030 priority countries, which together account for 95% of maternal deaths and 90% of under-five deaths] increased from ~ 30% to nearly 40%. Flawed government policies, inadequate supplies, and lack of awareness among health workers and communities all contributed to this shortfall in coverage. Moreover, imperfect measurement methodology is implicated in questionable coverage data. A multipronged approach focusing on the manufacture, supply, training, and behavioral change is essential to ensure that ORS is used in all epidemic diarrhea cases globally, especially in the under-five population. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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