Infant burns: A single institution retrospective review

Autor: M.F. Scriba, Heinz Rode, M.E.H. Nathire, R. Martinez, C. Brink, Q. Isaacs
Rok vydání: 2018
Předmět:
Male
Pediatrics
medicine.medical_specialty
Body Surface Area
medicine.medical_treatment
Poison control
Bacteremia
HIV Infections
Comorbidity
Walking
Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine
Conservative Treatment
030207 dermatology & venereal diseases
03 medical and health sciences
South Africa
0302 clinical medicine
Child Development
Enteral Nutrition
Injury prevention
medicine
Humans
Mortality
Child
Respiratory Tract Infections
Tuberculosis
Pulmonary
Retrospective Studies
Mechanical ventilation
Sitting Position
business.industry
Mortality rate
Ventilator-associated pneumonia
Infant
Newborn
Infant
Pneumonia
Ventilator-Associated
030208 emergency & critical care medicine
Retrospective cohort study
General Medicine
Skin Transplantation
medicine.disease
Infant Nutrition Disorders
Ambulatory
Emergency Medicine
Wound Infection
Fluid Therapy
Surgery
Female
business
Burns
Total body surface area
Zdroj: Burns : journal of the International Society for Burn Injuries. 45(7)
ISSN: 1879-1409
Popis: Thermal injuries amongst infants are common and a cause of significant mortality and morbidity in South Africa. This has been attributed to the lack of an enabling environment (poverty-related lack of safe living conditions) and the cognitive and physical developmental immaturity of infants, who depend on their surroundings and adults to keep them safe. This is a retrospective observational study of 548 infant admissions over 48 months. Infant was defined as children below 13 months of age. The 548 infants constituted 23% of all paediatric burn admissions of ages 0-12 years. Three hundred and fourteen were males (57%) and 234 (42.7%) females. The infants were divided in a pre-ambulatory group of 143 (26%) infants of 0-6 months and an ambulatory group of 7 months to 12 months consisting of 457 (83.3%). The total body surface area (TBSA) ranged from 2-65%. Seventy-six percent (417 infants) occurred in the home environment. Scalds accounted for 86% (471 infants) and 6% (33 infants) were as a result of flame burns. Non-accidental injuries accounted for 1.2%. The anatomical distributions varied between the pre-ambulatory and ambulatory groups. Conservative management was done in 397 (72.4%) and 101(18.4%) infants underwent surgery. Infection was suspected in 76 (13.5%) infants with positive blood cultures in 15(20%) of the 76. ICU care was received in 46 (8.3%) infants and 15 (32.6%) of these had inhalation injuries. Of the inhalation injuries 11(23.9%) infants underwent mechanical ventilation of an average of 4.4 days. Ventilator associated pneumonia was diagnosed in 8(17%) of the ventilated children. The mortality rate was 0.36%. The surgically treated patients acquired more complications than the conservatively treated group. Special treatment considerations should be considered in this paediatric sub-group.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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