Factors affecting brain structure in smoking-related diseases: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) and coronary artery disease
| Autor: | Catherine A. Spilling, Thomas R. Barrick, Paul W. Jones, Sachelle Ruickbie, Mohani-Preet K. Dhillon, Emma H. Baker, Daniel Burrage |
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| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
Male
Central Nervous System Pulmonology Physiology Blood Pressure Cardiovascular Analysis Coronary Artery Disease Nervous System Vascular Medicine Biochemistry Coronary artery disease Pulmonary Disease Chronic Obstructive Cognition Medical Conditions Materials Physics Medicine and Health Sciences Medicine Respiratory function Cognitive decline Respiratory system Microstructure Cerebral Blood Flow Assay COPD Principal Component Analysis Brain Diseases Multidisciplinary Physics Respiration Leukoaraiosis Brain Middle Aged White Matter Troponin C-Reactive Protein Bioassays and Physiological Analysis Cerebral blood flow Neurology Cerebrovascular Circulation Hypertension Physical Sciences Cardiology Female medicine.symptom Anatomy Research Article medicine.medical_specialty Science Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Materials Science Neuroimaging Research and Analysis Methods Lesion Internal medicine Tobacco Smoking Humans Cognitive Dysfunction Aged business.industry Biology and Life Sciences Proteins medicine.disease Cytoskeletal Proteins Blood pressure business Physiological Processes Head Biomarkers |
| Zdroj: | PLoS ONE PLoS ONE, Vol 16, Iss 11 (2021) PLoS ONE, Vol 16, Iss 11, p e0259375 (2021) |
| ISSN: | 1932-6203 |
| Popis: | Background Changes in brain structure and cognitive decline occur in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD). They also occur with smoking and coronary artery disease (CAD), but it is unclear whether a common mechanism is responsible. Methods Brain MRI markers of brain structure were tested for association with disease markers in other organs. Where possible, principal component analysis (PCA) was used to group markers within organ systems into composite markers. Univariate relationships between brain structure and the disease markers were explored using hierarchical regression and then entered into multivariable regression models. Results 100 participants were studied (53 COPD, 47 CAD). PCA identified two brain components: brain tissue volumes and white matter microstructure, and six components from other organ systems: respiratory function, plasma lipids, blood pressure, glucose dysregulation, retinal vessel calibre and retinal vessel tortuosity. Several markers could not be grouped into components and were analysed as single variables, these included brain white matter hyperintense lesion (WMH) volume. Multivariable regression models showed that less well organised white matter microstructure was associated with lower respiratory function (p = 0.028); WMH volume was associated with higher blood pressure (p = 0.036) and higher C-Reactive Protein (p = 0.011) and lower brain tissue volume was associated with lower cerebral blood flow (pp = 0.001). Smoking history was not an independent correlate of any brain marker. Conclusions Measures of brain structure were associated with a range of markers of disease, some of which appeared to be common to both COPD and CAD. No single common pathway was identified, but the findings suggest that brain changes associated with smoking-related diseases may be due to vascular, respiratory, and inflammatory changes. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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