Nitrogen Fertilization. A Review of the Risks Associated with the Inefficiency of Its Use and Policy Responses
| Autor: | Julio Berbel, Javier Martínez-Dalmau, Rafaela Ordóñez-Fernández |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
Pollution
Environmental security 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences Natural resource economics media_common.quotation_subject Geography Planning and Development review TJ807-830 Review 010501 environmental sciences Management Monitoring Policy and Law TD194-195 01 natural sciences Renewable energy sources Nitrogen-use efficiency lixiviation Nitrogen pollution Production (economics) GE1-350 nitrogen-use efficiency volatilization 0105 earth and related environmental sciences media_common Food security Environmental effects of industries and plants Renewable Energy Sustainability and the Environment business.industry Lixiviation Eutrophication Environmental sciences eutrophication Agriculture Nutrient pollution Food processing nitrogen pollution Business Volatilization Inefficiency |
| Zdroj: | Sustainability 13(10), 5625 (2021) Helvia. Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad de Córdoba instname Helvia: Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad de Córdoba Universidad de Córdoba Sustainability, Vol 13, Iss 5625, p 5625 (2021) |
| Popis: | Nitrogen (N) is a key input to food production. Nearly half of N fertilizer input is not used by crops and is lost into the environment via emission of gases or by polluting water bodies. It is essential to achieve production levels, which enable global food security, without compromising environmental security. The N pollution level expected by 2050 is projected to be 150% higher than in 2010, with the agricultural sector accounting for 60% of this increase. In this paper, we review the status of the pollution from N fertilizers worldwide and make recommendations to address the situation. The analysis reviews the relationship between N fertilizer use, N use efficiency, no-point pollution, the role of farmer management practices, and policy approaches to address diffuse pollution caused by N fertilization. Several studies show a lack of information as one of the main hurdles to achieve changes in habits. The objective of this study is to highlight the gravity of the current global non-point pollution as well as the need for a communication effort to make farmers aware of the relationship between their activity and N pollution and, therefore, the importance of their fertilizer management practices. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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