The stringent response and Mycobacterium tuberculosis pathogenesis
| Autor: | Jerome Prusa, Christina L. Stallings, Dennis X. Zhu |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2018 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Microbiology (medical) Stringent response 030106 microbiology Virulence Guanosine Tetraphosphate medicine.disease_cause Microbiology Mycobacterium tuberculosis 03 medical and health sciences chemistry.chemical_compound Stress Physiological medicine Immunology and Allergy Animals Humans Tuberculosis Guanosine pentaphosphate Pathogen Microbial Viability General Immunology and Microbiology biology Guanosine Pentaphosphate Pathogenic bacteria General Medicine Gene Expression Regulation Bacterial biology.organism_classification Chronic infection Infectious Diseases chemistry Host-Pathogen Interactions bacteria Minireview Bacteria |
| Zdroj: | Pathog Dis |
| ISSN: | 2049-632X |
| Popis: | During infection, the host restrains Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) from proliferating by imposing an arsenal of stresses. Despite this onslaught of attacks, Mtb is able to persist for the lifetime of the host, indicating that this pathogen has substantial molecular mechanisms to resist host-inflicted damage. The stringent response is a conserved global stress response in bacteria that involves the production of the hyperphosphorylated guanine nucleotides ppGpp and pppGpp (collectively called (p)ppGpp). (p)ppGpp then regulates a number of cellular processes to adjust the physiology of the bacteria to promote survival in different environments. Survival in the presence of host-generated stresses is an essential quality of successful pathogens, and the stringent response is critical for the intracellular survival of a number of pathogenic bacteria. In addition, the stringent response has been linked to virulence gene expression, persistence, latency and drug tolerance. In Mtb, (p)ppGpp synthesis is required for survival in low nutrient conditions, long term culture and during chronic infection in animal models, all indicative of a strict requirement for (p)ppGpp during exposure to stresses associated with infection. In this review we discuss (p)ppGpp metabolism and how this functions as a critical regulator of Mtb virulence. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
| Externí odkaz: |
|