Distinct effects of carbohydrate ingestion timing on glucose fluctuation and energy metabolism in patients with type 2 diabetes: a randomized controlled study
| Autor: | Yumie Takeshita, Takehiro Kanamori, Takeo Tanaka, Saori Sako, Toshinari Takamura, Yasufumi Enyama |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
Blood Glucose
Male medicine.medical_specialty Time Factors Endocrinology Diabetes and Metabolism Monitoring Ambulatory 030209 endocrinology & metabolism Type 2 diabetes Diet induced thermogenesis Diet Carbohydrate-Restricted 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Endocrinology Internal medicine Dietary Carbohydrates Humans Hypoglycemic Agents Medicine Endocrine system Ingestion Meals Aged Breakfast business.industry Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring digestive oral and skin physiology Area under the curve Middle Aged Carbohydrate medicine.disease Postprandial Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis Female Energy Metabolism business Thermogenesis |
| Zdroj: | Endocrine Journal. 68:1225-1236 |
| ISSN: | 1348-4540 0918-8959 |
| Popis: | This randomized, open-label, and parallel-group study aimed to investigate the effects of altering the timing of carbohydrate intake at breakfast or dinner on blood glucose fluctuations and energy metabolism. A total of 43 participants with type 2 diabetes were assigned to either the breakfast or dinner group. Participants were provided an isocaloric carbohydrate-restricted diet constituting 10% carbohydrate only at breakfast or dinner for 2 days during the study. Glucose fluctuations were compared using a continuous glucose monitoring system (iPro2) and body composition, energy expenditure, blood biochemistry, and endocrine function changes. The carbohydrate restriction either at breakfast or dinner significantly decreased postprandial glucose excursion and mean 24-h blood glucose levels. The incremental blood glucose area under the curve (AUC) for 2 h (iAUC0-2h) at lunch significantly increased in the breakfast group, whereas no significant differences were observed in the iAUC0-2h between breakfast and lunch in the dinner group. Carbohydrate restriction reduced diet-induced thermogenesis at breakfast (intragroup comparison; 223 ± 117 to 109 ± 104 kcal, p = 0.002) but did not affect diet-induced thermogenesis at dinner. However, fasting plasma free fatty acids were comparable in both groups, prelunch free fatty acids increased significantly only in the breakfast group (0.20 ± 0.09 to 0.63 ± 0.19 mEq/L, p < 0.001). Carbohydrate restriction in the diet once daily decreases mean 24-h blood glucose levels and exerts unique metabolic effects depending on the timing. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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