Behavioral neuroendocrinology and treatment of anorexia nervosa

Autor: Per Södersten, Ricard Nergårdh, Cecilia Bergh, Antonius Scheurink, Modjtaba Zandian
Rok vydání: 2008
Předmět:
FOOD-INTAKE
medicine.medical_specialty
Anorexia Nervosa
media_common.quotation_subject
FEEDING-BEHAVIOR
human homeostatic phenotype
Motor Activity
Neuroendocrinology
mental symptoms
Body Mass Index
foraging
Eating
mental disorders
medicine
Animals
Homeostasis
Humans
Neuropeptide Y
appetitive ingestive behavior
Psychiatry
media_common
Starvation
physical hyperactivity
treatment
MEDIAL PREFRONTAL CORTEX
Endocrine and Autonomic Systems
Body Weight
digestive
oral
and skin physiology
EATING-DISORDERS
RECEPTOR SUBTYPES
Appetite
Feeding Behavior
re-feeding
RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL
Neuropeptide Y receptor
medicine.disease
BODY-MASS INDEX
Eating disorders
NEUROPEPTIDE-Y
Anorexia nervosa (differential diagnoses)
NORADRENERGIC NEURONS
INGESTIVE BEHAVIOR
medicine.symptom
Psychology
Body mass index
Hormone
Clinical psychology
Zdroj: Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology. 29:445-462
ISSN: 0091-3022
DOI: 10.1016/j.yfrne.2008.06.001
Popis: Outcome in anorexia nervosa remains poor and a new way of looking at this condition is therefore needed. To this aim, we review the effects of food restriction and starvation in humans. It is suggested that body weight remains stable and relatively low when the access to food requires a considerable amount of physical activity. In this condition, the human homeostatic phenotype, body fat content is also low and as a consequence, the synthesis and release of brain neurotransmitters are modified. As an example, the role of neuropeptide Y is analyzed in rat models of this state. It is suggested that the normal behavioral role of neuropeptide Y is to facilitate the search for food and switch attention from sexual stimuli to food. Descriptive neuroendocrine studies on patients with anorexia nervosa have not contributed to the management of the patients and the few studies in which hormones have been administered have, at best, reversed an endocrine consequence secondary to starvation. In a modified framework for understanding the etiology and treatment of anorexia nervosa it is suggested that the condition emerges because neural mechanisms of reward and attention are engaged. The neural neuropeptide Y receptor system may be involved in the maintenance of the behavior of eating disorder patients because the localization of these receptors overlaps with the neural systems engaged in cue-conditioned eating in limbic and cortical areas. The eating behavior of patients with anorexia nervosa, and other eating disorders as well, is viewed as a cause of the psychological changes of the patients. Patients are trained to re-learn normal eating habits using external support and as they do, their symptoms, including the psychological symptoms, dissolve. (C) 2008 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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