Psychotherapy and Genetic Neuroscience: An Emerging Dialog
| Autor: | Manuel S. Ortiz, Rodrigo Assar, José Luis Rossi, Ulises Ríos, Luis A. Salazar, Jaime R. Silva, Caroline Leighton, Juan Pablo Jiménez, Alberto Botto, Patrick Luyten, Karina Jaramillo, Luisa Herrera, Felipe I. Martinez, Yamil Quevedo, Paulina Barros |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2018 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Psychotherapist lcsh:QH426-470 epigenetic modifications psychotherapeutic change Vulnerability subjective experience Context (language use) Review PREFRONTAL CORTEX DIFFERENTIAL SUSCEPTIBILITY Nature versus nurture Prevention science 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine GLUCOCORTICOID-RECEPTOR GENE TRANSPORTER PROMOTER POLYMORPHISM Genetics ENVIRONMENT INTERACTIONS Set (psychology) DNA METHYLATION Genetics (clinical) Genetics & Heredity MAJOR DEPRESSIVE DISORDER Science & Technology Modalities gene-environment interactions BORDERLINE PERSONALITY-DISORDER gene–environment interactions psychopathology Therapeutic relationship lcsh:Genetics 030104 developmental biology MATERNAL-CARE Molecular Medicine Identification (biology) Life Sciences & Biomedicine 030217 neurology & neurosurgery NEUROTROPHIC FACTOR |
| Zdroj: | Frontiers in Genetics, Vol 9 (2018) Frontiers in Genetics |
| ISSN: | 1664-8021 |
| DOI: | 10.3389/fgene.2018.00257 |
| Popis: | Recent research in psychiatric genetics has led to a move away from simple diathesis-stress models to more complex models of psychopathology incorporating a focus on gene-environment interactions and epigenetics. Our increased understanding of the way biology encodes the impact of life events on organisms has also generated more sophisticated theoretical models concerning the molecular processes at the interface between "nature" and "nurture." There is also increasing consensus that psychotherapy entails a specific type of learning in the context of an emotional relationship (i.e., the therapeutic relationship) that may also lead to epigenetic modifications across different therapeutic treatment modalities. This paper provides a systematic review of this emerging body of research. It is concluded that, although the evidence is still limited at this stage, extant research does indeed suggest that psychotherapy may be associated with epigenetic changes. Furthermore, it is argued that epigenetic studies may play a key role in the identification of biomarkers implicated in vulnerability for psychopathology, and thus may improve diagnosis and open up future research opportunities regarding the mechanism of action of psychotropic drugs as well as psychotherapy. We review evidence suggesting there may be important individual differences in susceptibility to environmental input, including psychotherapy. In addition, given that there is increasing evidence for the transgenerational transmission of epigenetic modifications in animals and humans exposed to trauma and adversity, epigenetic changes produced by psychotherapy may also potentially be passed on to the next generation, which opens up new perspective for prevention science. We conclude this paper stressing the limitations of current research and by proposing a set of recommendations for future research in this area. ispartof: FRONTIERS IN GENETICS vol:9 ispartof: location:Switzerland status: published |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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