Status of Waste Management in the East African Cities: Understanding the Drivers of Waste Generation, Collection and Disposal and Their Impacts on Kampala City’s Sustainability
| Autor: | Brian Bukenya, Basant L Maheshwari, E. N. Sabiiti, Shamim Aryampa, Najib Lukooya Bateganya |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2019 |
| Předmět: |
020209 energy
Geography Planning and Development TJ807-830 Waste collection 02 engineering and technology waste generation 010501 environmental sciences Management Monitoring Policy and Law Reuse Kampala TD194-195 01 natural sciences Renewable energy sources Agricultural economics East African Community Kiteezi landfill 0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineering Per capita Population growth GE1-350 0105 earth and related environmental sciences Environmental effects of industries and plants Renewable Energy Sustainability and the Environment Investment (macroeconomics) sustainability Environmental sciences Waste generation Sustainability Environmental science waste management Waste disposal |
| Zdroj: | Sustainability Volume 11 Issue 19 Sustainability, Vol 11, Iss 19, p 5523 (2019) |
| ISSN: | 2071-1050 |
| DOI: | 10.3390/su11195523 |
| Popis: | The factors that influence waste generation and management vary with country but there is a gap in the availability of waste data in Africa limiting the assessment of these factors for sustainability. Hence, this study was aimed at evaluating the drivers of waste generation, collection and disposal, and their impact on sustainability of Kampala as compared to the East African Community (EAC). Waste generation in Kampala was calculated using recorded waste collection efficiencies while data for Nairobi and Dar es Salaam was obtained from existing literature. Waste quantities for disposal were recorded daily at Kiteezi landfill from 2011 to 2017. Results showed that the major drivers of waste generation, collection and disposal in the EAC are population growth, vehicle capacity and the need for disposal respectively. Waste generation rate in Kampala increased from 0.26 to 0.47 kg/capita/day and the annual waste quantity increased significantly (p < 0.5) by 48% from 227,916 to 481,081 tons corresponding to a 54% population increase. Waste collection efficiency increased from 30% to 64% and hence waste for disposal increased significantly (p < 0.5), with a mean of 15,823 tons/month but varied significantly (p < 0.5) with the city division. The most (5120 tons) and least (3472 tons) waste per month was collected from the Central and Nakawa divisions respectively. Additionally, Kampala Capital City Authority collected significantly more waste than private collectors for all study years. Waste is disposed of at the Kiteezi landfill despite exhausted capacity. Future projections showed that by 2030, annual waste would increase by approximately 60% for Kampala and Nairobi and by 74% for Dar es Salaam. Dar es Salaam generated the highest amount of waste, five times more than Kampala. More investment needs to be made towards the reduction of waste disposal and strategies developed for the reuse and recycling of waste. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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