Multiscale Quantification of Tsunami Hazard Exposure in a Pacific Small Island Developing State: The Case of Samoa
| Autor: | Rebecca Weaving, Titimanu Simi, Ryan Paulik, Shaun Williams, Josephina Chan Ting, Kieron Wall, Cyprien Bosserelle, Finn Scheele |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences
0211 other engineering and technologies Terrain Context (language use) 02 engineering and technology risk management 01 natural sciences RiskScape 2009 South Pacific tsunami Risk exposure GE1-350 Risk management tsunami inundation 0105 earth and related environmental sciences 021110 strategic defence & security studies business.industry General Medicine Small island Hazard BG-Flood Environmental sciences Tsunami hazard samoa Environmental science Physical geography Risk assessment business |
| Zdroj: | GeoHazards, Vol 2, Iss 4, Pp 63-79 (2021) GeoHazards Volume 2 Issue 2 Pages 4-79 |
| ISSN: | 2624-795X |
| DOI: | 10.3390/geohazards2020004 |
| Popis: | This study presents a scenario-based approach for identifying and comparing tsunami exposure across different sociopolitical scales. In Samoa, a country with a high threat to local tsunamis, we apply scenarios for the 2009 South Pacific tsunami inundation at different grid resolutions (50 and 10 m) to quantify building and road exposure at the national, district and village levels. We show that while the coarser 50 m model is adequate for use in the rapid identification of exposure at the national and district levels, it can overestimate exposure by up to three times more at the village level. Overestimation typically occurs in areas characterized by flat, low-lying, gentle-rising terrain. Overall, a 35% increase in buildings exposed to the 50 m model is observed compared with the 10 m scenario on southeast Upolu island. Similarly, a 31% increase in road exposure is observed for the 50 m scenario. These observations are discussed within the context of tsunami evacuation planning and logistics. Notwithstanding the variability in exposure, a precautionary approach leads us to conclude that while higher-resolution models are recommended where available data and/or financial resources permit, the absence of such datasets should not preclude the use of coarser hazard datasets in risk assessments. Finer-resolution models provide more credence in detailed local-level exposure evaluation. While the results of this study are specific to the Samoan context, the results can be applied to the multiscale assessment of tsunami risk exposure in similar hazard contexts. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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