Idol, Deduced from an Ideal? Rule of Law, Universalization, Degradation

Autor: VARGA, Csaba
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2019
Předmět:
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.6466109
Popis: The Rule of Law idea is defined worldwide by one single legal culture today, the one in which declaration of what the law is is done ex post facto (as in English common law) or in the case of political pragmatism which relocates legal innovation from elected representative bodies to the administration of justice (as in the USA). Moreover, Rule of Law used as a political catchword results in ideocratic idealisation. Rule of Law, embodying instrumental value (even if international pressure groups fundamentalise it), represents a particular culture in the play of hic et nunc challenges and responses (even if globalism universalises it). Developed under varied conditions particular to place and time, it cannot be more than a series of living cultures of the countries concerned, based on a historically evolving civilising and humanising ideal. Law as an aggregate of values to be defended equally faces values that conflict with one another in daily enforcement, crying for weighing and balancing in a compromise solution at most. Far from standing for all-or-nothing absolutism, onesidedness or homogenisation – idolising legal certainty (as the Hungarian Constitutional Court did)or subjecting government action to judicial or human rights control – may sacrifice justice, with popular support and raison d’être vanishing. Moreover, fetishising its own homogeneity may distort the merits it claims to serve. Aglobalising judgeocracy tries to monopolise the worldwide learning process while isolating local developments from their natural context, in order to enforce its own creation. After all, the quest for those who can master the law is crucial in assessing the interventionism of either international agencies or the European Union in local issues under the aegis of the Rule of Law. Идол, выведенный из идеала? Верховенство права, универсализация, деградация Идея верховенства права определяется сегодня во всем мире одной правовой культурой, той, в которой нечто провозглашается правом ex post facto (как в английском общем праве)или всилу политического прагматизма правовые нововведения вправосудии зависят от избранных представительных органов (как в США). Более того, верховенство права, которое используется как политический слоган, приводит к идеократической идеализации. Верховенство права, воплощая инструментальную ценность (даже если международные группы влияния фундаментализуют ее), представляет определенную культуру в игре вызовов и ответов hic et nunc (даже если глобализм универсализирует ее). Развиваясь в разных местах и в разное время, оно не может быть чем-то большим, чем ряд живых культур заинтересованных стран, основанных на цивилизующем и гума- низирующем идеале, который эволюционирует исторически. Право как совокупность ценностей, подлежащих защите, одновременно сталкивается с конфликтом ценностей в повседневном правоприменении, что обычно требует взвешивания и балансирования в поиске компромиссного решения. Не отстаивая абсолютизм «все или ничего», одно- сторонность или гомогенизацию, стоит все же отметить, что превращение правовой определенности в идола (как это сделал Конституционный Суд Венгрии) или подчинение действий правительства судебному или правозащитному контролю может обернуться принесением в жертву справедливости при поддержке народа и исчезновение raison d'être. Более того, фетишизация собственной гомогенности может исказить преимущества, которым она стремится служить. Глобализированная власть судей пытается монополизировать всемирный учебный процесс, отделяя местные события от их естественного контекста, чтобы навязать себя. В конце концов, вопрос о том, кто может овладеть правом, является решающим при оценке вмешательства международных органов и Европейского Союза в местные дела под лозунгом верховенства права.
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