Antimony mining from PET bottles and e-waste plastic fractions
| Autor: | Ayah Alassali, Silvia Fiore, Caterina Picuno, Sascha Diedler, Hanin Samara, Kerstin Kuchta |
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| Rok vydání: | 2019 |
| Předmět: |
Microwave oven
antimony Geography Planning and Development TJ807-830 chemistry.chemical_element Ingenieurwissenschaften [620] 010501 environmental sciences Management Monitoring Policy and Law TD194-195 01 natural sciences e-waste extraction PET plastic recovery Renewable energy sources chemistry.chemical_compound Antimony Polyethylene terephthalate Aqua regia GE1-350 Microwave digestion 0105 earth and related environmental sciences Environmental effects of industries and plants 010405 organic chemistry Renewable Energy Sustainability and the Environment Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene Extraction (chemistry) 0104 chemical sciences Environmental sciences chemistry Analytical procedures ddc:620 Nuclear chemistry |
| Zdroj: | Sustainability Volume 11 Issue 15 Sustainability, Vol 11, Iss 15, p 4021 (2019) Sustainability 11 (15): Art.-Nr. 4021 (2019) |
| ISSN: | 2071-1050 |
| Popis: | In this study antimony concentration was analyzed in 30 plastic items (from polyethylene terephthalate (PET) bottles and e-waste) directly by X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF) spectroscopy. PET samples were digested in a microwave oven with aqua regia. The plastic components deriving from e-waste followed three parallel routes: 1. microwave digestion using different acids (aqua regia, 18 M H2SO4, 12 M HCl and 6 M HCl) 2. conversion into ash (at 600 ° C) and then microwave digestion with aqua regia, and 3. extraction with 12 M HCl at room temperature for different durations (2 h and 24 h). Results showed that antimony extraction yields from PET were between 57% and 92%. Antimony extraction from e-waste plastics was more challenging: aqua regia was inefficient for poly (acrylonitrile butadiene styrene) (ABS) samples (extraction yield was about 20% only), while on a mixture of ABS and polycarbonate (PC), aqua regia, H2SO4 and HCl exhibited equivalent performances (~21%). Ashed samples returned yields ranging from 20% to over 50%. Room temperature extraction on e-waste plastics obtained lower extraction efficiencies, yet longer incubation durations lead to higher yields. In conclusion, the main challenge associated with antimony mining from plastic waste could be its heterogeneous composition therefore, the development of reference analytical procedures is highly needed. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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