Signal hotspot mutations in SARS-CoV-2 genomes evolve as the virus spreads and actively replicates in different parts of the world

Autor: Walter Doerfler, Stefanie Weber, Christina M. Ramirez
Rok vydání: 2020
Předmět:
Cancer Research
viruses
Questions about immunogenesis and vaccine development
Mutant
Sequence Homology
Selection of viral hotspot mutations
Global Health
Virus Replication
Genome
Conserved sequence
Russia
Germany
Peptide sequence
Conserved Sequence
Genetics
Impact on replication-relevant viral proteins
0303 health sciences
food and beverages
Penetrance
Biological Evolution
Europe
Infectious Diseases
RNA
Viral
Sequence comparisons between 570 viral genomes to Wuhan isolate
Coronavirus Infections
congenital
hereditary
and neonatal diseases and abnormalities
China
Pneumonia
Viral
information science
India
Sequence alignment
Genome
Viral
Biology
Article
Virus
03 medical and health sciences
Betacoronavirus
Virology
Humans
Amino Acid Sequence
Pandemics
030304 developmental biology
Base Sequence
030306 microbiology
SARS-CoV-2
Consequences for secondary and tertiary structures of viral RNA
Severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2)
COVID-19
biochemical phenomena
metabolism
and nutrition
United States
Viral replication
Amino Acid Substitution
Mutation
Sequence Alignment
Zdroj: Virus Research
ISSN: 1872-7492
Popis: Highlights • Study of SARS-CoV-2 genomes from world-wide isolates. • Sequence comparisons of 570 isolates to original Wuhan 2019 SARS-CoV-2 clade. • Identification of several hotspot mutants after world-wide spreading of virus. • Several hotspot mutations affect sequences of replication-relevant viral proteins. • How do hotspot mutations relate to viral pathogenicity?
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) was first identified in Wuhan, China late in 2019. Nine months later (Sept. 23, 2020), the virus has infected > 31.6 million people around the world and caused > 971.000 (3.07 %) fatalities in 220 countries and territories. Research on the genetics of the SARS-CoV-2 genome, its mutants and their penetrance can aid future defense strategies. By analyzing sequence data deposited between December 2019 and end of May 2020, we have compared nucleotide sequences of 570 SARS-CoV-2 genomes from China, Europe, the US, and India to the sequence of the Wuhan isolate. During worldwide spreading among human populations, at least 10 distinct hotspot mutations had been selected and found in up to > 80 % of viral genomes. Many of these mutations led to amino acid exchanges in replication-relevant viral proteins. Mutations in the SARS-CoV-2 genome would also impinge upon the secondary structure of the viral RNA molecule and its repertoire of interactions with essential cellular and viral proteins. The increasing frequency of SARS-CoV-2 mutation hotspots might select for dangerous viral pathogens. Alternatively, in a 29.900 nucleotide-genome, there might be a limit to the number of mutable and selectable sites which, when exhausted, could prove disadvantageous to viral survival. The speed, at which novel SARS-CoV-2 mutants are selected and dispersed around the world, could pose problems for the development of vaccines and therapeutics.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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