Community-based participatory research and community health development
| Autor: | Craig Blakely, Michael R. J. Felix, Monica L. Wendel, James N. Burdine, Kenneth R. McLeroy |
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| Rok vydání: | 2010 |
| Předmět: |
Program evaluation
medicine.medical_specialty Community-Based Participatory Research business.industry Public health Public Health Environmental and Occupational Health Community Participation Community-based participatory research Participatory action research Population health Public relations Health psychology Community health medicine Public Health Practice Community psychology Humans Social Planning Sociology Program Development Social Change business |
| Zdroj: | The journal of primary prevention. 31(1-2) |
| ISSN: | 1573-6547 |
| Popis: | Community-based participatory research (CBPR) has become a primary focus for public health practice and research in the past decade and is included as a core competency in public health (Calhoun et al. 2008; Minkler and Wallerstein 2008). CBPR emphasizes inclusion of ‘‘research participants’’ and communities in the process of identifying and defining problems, determining what questions to ask, how to ask the questions (methodology), interpretation of the results, the development and implementation of interventions to address public health problems, program evaluation, and dissemination of results. Thus, CBPR offers the potential for addressing power differentials between researchers and communities and appeals to a broad range of professionals interested in population health improvement (Minkler and Wallerstein 2008). In a CBPR-oriented initiative communities are engaged in the research and intervention process, and the expectation is that skills related to problem definition, assessment, research, intervention development and implementation, and evaluation skills will be transferred from researchers to community members and community capacity will be strengthened (Goodman et al. 1998; Israel et al. 2008). Related to CBPR is a strategy of community health development (CHD), which has been widely practiced in international development work but also used in the United States (Steuart 1985, 1993; Wendel et al. 2007). Community health development emphasizes the dual outcomes of improving health status of the population and building community capacity to address factors influencing health status. Rather than focusing on a single issue or need, CHD focuses on strengthening and developing community infrastructure as the vehicle and context for activities to improve the health of communities. Moreover, as described below, the underlying theoretical frame for CHD is drawn from the broad literature on community and locality development, as well as relying on the broad framework of CBPR. CHD is based on an application of multiple theories of planned social change broadly categorized as rationale-empirical, normative-re-educative, and power-coercive (Chin and Benne 1976). In a community health development strategy, planned social change is implemented through the ‘‘mixing and phasing’’ of strategies (Rothman 2001). Rothman characterized three different approaches to working with communities: locality development, social planning, and social action. These models are differentiated from each other on the J. N. Burdine (&) K. McLeroy C. Blakely M. L. Wendel Center for Community Health Development, School of Rural Public Health, Texas A&M Health Science Center, 1266 TAMU, College Station, TX 77843-1266, USA e-mail: jnburdine@srph.tamhsc.edu |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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