Saliva SARS-CoV-2 antibody prevalence in children
Autor: | Melissa Oomen, Eveline P. Berman-de Jong, Femke de Groof, Nadia Oeij, Maya W Keuning, Anne-Elise C. de Groen, Maarten Rijpert, Federica Linty, Sophie Cohen, Maurice Steenhuis, Karlijn van der Straten, Hetty van Eijk, Gestur Vidarsson, Dasja Pajkrt, Marit J. van Gils, Daniel Molanus, Mariet Felderhof, Marloes Grobben, Merijn W Bijlsma, Frans B. Plötz, Gerrit Koen, Remco Visser, Theo Rispens |
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Přispěvatelé: | Graduate School, Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, AII - Infectious diseases, Neurology, ANS - Neuroinfection & -inflammation, General Paediatrics, ANS - Amsterdam Neuroscience, AII - Amsterdam institute for Infection and Immunity, Neonatology, Landsteiner Laboratory, AII - Inflammatory diseases, Paediatric Infectious Diseases / Rheumatology / Immunology, ARD - Amsterdam Reproduction and Development |
Jazyk: | angličtina |
Rok vydání: | 2021 |
Předmět: |
Microbiology (medical)
Immunoglobulin A Male Saliva Adolescent Physiology Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay Antibodies Viral Microbiology Sensitivity and Specificity Immunoglobulin G Antibodies COVID-19 Serological Testing Antigen Seroepidemiologic Studies Genetics Prevalence Seroprevalence Medicine Coronavirus Nucleocapsid Proteins Humans Child Children General Immunology and Microbiology Ecology biology business.industry SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 Cell Biology Phosphoproteins QR1-502 Immunity Humoral Humoral immunity Infectious Diseases Child Preschool Immunology Spike Glycoprotein Coronavirus biology.protein Female Antibody business Research Article |
Zdroj: | Microbiology Spectrum Microbiology spectrum, 9(2):e00731-21. American Society for Microbiology Microbiology Spectrum, Vol 9, Iss 2 (2021) |
ISSN: | 2165-0497 |
Popis: | COVID-19 patients produce circulating and mucosal antibodies. In adults, specific saliva antibodies have been detected. Nonetheless, seroprevalence is routinely investigated, while little attention has been paid to mucosal antibodies. We therefore assessed SARS-CoV-2-specific antibody prevalence in serum and saliva in children in the Netherlands. We assessed SARS-CoV-2 antibody prevalence in serum and saliva of 517 children attending medical services in the Netherlands (irrespective of COVID-19 exposure) from April to October 2020. The prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 spike (S), receptor binding domain (RBD), and nucleocapsid (N)-specific IgG and IgA were evaluated with an exploratory Luminex assay in serum and saliva and with the Wantai SARS-CoV-2 RBD total antibody enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in serum. Using the Wantai assay, the RBD-specific antibody prevalence in serum was 3.3% (95% confidence interval [CI]. 1.9 to 5.3%). With the Luminex assay, we detected heterogeneity between antibodies for S, RBD, and N antigens, as IgG and IgA prevalence ranged between 3.6 and 4.6% in serum and between 0 and 4.4% in saliva. The Luminex assay also revealed differences between serum and saliva, with SARS-CoV-2-specific IgG present in saliva but not in serum for 1.5 to 2.7% of all children. Using multiple antigen assays, the IgG prevalence for at least two out of three antigens (S, RBD, or N) in serum or saliva can be calculated as 3.8% (95% CI, 2.3 to 5.6%). Our study displays the heterogeneity of the SARS-CoV-2 antibody response in children and emphasizes the additional value of saliva antibody detection and the combined use of different antigens. IMPORTANCE Comprehending humoral immunity to SARS-CoV-2, including in children, is crucial for future public health and vaccine strategies. Others have suggested that mucosal antibody measurement could be an important and more convenient tool to evaluate humoral immunity compared to circulating antibodies. Nonetheless, seroprevalence is routinely investigated, while little attention has been paid to mucosal antibodies. We show the heterogeneity of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies, in terms of both antigen specificity and differences between circulating and mucosal antibodies, emphasizing the additional value of saliva antibody detection next to detection of antibodies in serum. |
Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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