Evaluating the effectiveness of anti-Nogo treatment in spinal cord injuries
| Autor: | Rahul K. Lall, Kaesi Opara, Jinpo Xiang, Utkarsh Ojha, Raihan Mohammed |
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| Přispěvatelé: | Mohammed, Raihan [0000-0002-0824-5243], Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository |
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Neurite Nogo Proteins Central nervous system Growth Cones Review Biology Inhibitory postsynaptic potential lcsh:RC346-429 Axon Antibodies 03 medical and health sciences Myelin 0302 clinical medicine Developmental Neuroscience mental disorders medicine Regeneration Animals Humans Growth cone lcsh:Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system Spinal Cord Injuries Neurons Regeneration (biology) Nogo Spinal cord Nerve Regeneration 030104 developmental biology medicine.anatomical_structure Treatment Outcome Immunotherapy CNS Neuroscience 030217 neurology & neurosurgery psychological phenomena and processes Signal Transduction |
| Zdroj: | Neural Development Neural Development, Vol 15, Iss 1, Pp 1-9 (2020) |
| DOI: | 10.17863/cam.63045 |
| Popis: | As humans, we cannot regenerate axons within the central nervous system (CNS), therefore, making any damage to it permanent. This leads to the loss of sensory and motor function below the site of injury and can be crippling to a person’s health. Spontaneous recovery can occur from plastic changes, but it is minimal. The absence of regeneration is due to the inhibitory environment of the CNS as well as the inherent inability of CNS axons to form growth cones. Amongst many factors, one of the major inhibitory signals of the CNS environment is the myelin-associated Nogo pathway. Nogo-A, Nogo-B and Nogo-C (Nogo), stimulate the Nogo receptor, inhibiting neurite outgrowth by causing growth cones to collapse through activation of Rho Kinase (ROCK). Antibodies can be used to target this signalling pathway by binding to Nogo and thus promote the outgrowth of neuronal axons in the CNS. This use of anti-Nogo antibodies has been shown to upregulate CNS regeneration as well as drastically improve sensory and motor function in both rats and primates when coupled with adequate training. Here, we evaluate whether the experimental success of anti-Nogo at improving CNS regeneration can be carried over into the clinical setting to treat spinal cord injuries (SCI) and their symptoms successfully. Furthermore, we also discuss potential methods to improve the current treatment and any developmental obstacles. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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