Caffeine Demethylation Monitoring Using a Transdermal Sweat Patch
Autor: | Tom Delahunty, Don Schoendorfer |
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Rok vydání: | 1998 |
Předmět: |
Time Factors
Health Toxicology and Mutagenesis Toxicology High-performance liquid chromatography Analytical Chemistry SWEAT chemistry.chemical_compound Theophylline Caffeine Skin Physiological Phenomena medicine Humans Environmental Chemistry Sweat Theobromine Chromatography High Pressure Liquid Paraxanthine Transdermal Demethylation Chemical Health and Safety Chromatography Dose-Response Relationship Drug integumentary system Chemistry Reversed-phase chromatography Patch Tests Xanthines medicine.drug |
Zdroj: | Journal of Analytical Toxicology. 22:596-600 |
ISSN: | 1945-2403 0146-4760 |
DOI: | 10.1093/jat/22.7.596 |
Popis: | Caffeine and two metabolites (paraxanthine and theobromine) were quantitated by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) using extracts from transdermal sweat patches that continuously collected and stored analytes lost through the skin. Following caffeine consumption, remarkably clean chromatograms were obtained with minimal sample preparation. Caffeine and paraxanthine accumulated in the patch at comparable rates, and theobromine accumulated more slowly. A major urinary metabolite, 1-methylxanthine, was notably absent in sweat-patch and plasma extracts, a finding which favors a renal source for this metabolite. A simple, noninvasive approximation of N-demethylation can be made by calculating the paraxanthine/ caffeine and theobromine/caffeine ratios in the patch extract. These ratios were significantly reduced in high-dose (600 mg) versus low-dose (200 mg) subjects, possibly reflecting a decreased clearance of caffeine. Because the sweat patches can be worn for several days, the technique gives a multiday historical record which reflects the fluctuating systemic concentration of caffeine and its hepatic metabolites and thus might be useful to noninvasively monitor compliance by caffeine-restricted patients or to assess drug-metabolizing status. |
Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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