High frequencies of polyfunctional HIV-specific T cells are associated with preservation of mucosal CD4 T cells in bronchoalveolar lavage
| Autor: | Timothy W. Schacker, Jason M. Brenchley, Daniel C. Douek, Chadi A. Hage, Ava I. Asher, David Price, Brenna J. Hill, Emma Gostick, Homer L. Twigg, Alexander Khoruts, Z. Brahmi, Kenneth S. Knox, Lisa M. Kohli |
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| Rok vydání: | 2008 |
| Předmět: |
CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes
Male Immunology Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) Biology medicine.disease_cause Bronchoalveolar Lavage Virus Article Pathogenesis Intestinal mucosa medicine Immunology and Allergy Humans Intestinal Mucosa Gastrointestinal tract Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome medicine.diagnostic_test HIV CD4 Lymphocyte Count Bronchoalveolar lavage Anatomical sites Organ Specificity Chronic Disease Female Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid |
| Zdroj: | Mucosal immunology. 1(1) |
| ISSN: | 1935-3456 |
| Popis: | The mechanisms underlying the massive gastrointestinal tract CD4 T-cell depletion in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection are not well understood nor is it clear whether similar depletion is manifest at other mucosal surfaces. Studies of T-cell and virus dynamics in different anatomical sites have begun to illuminate the pathogenesis of HIV-associated disease. Here, we studied depletion and HIV infection frequencies of CD4 T cells from the gastrointestinal tract, bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL), and blood with the frequencies and functional profiles of HIV-specific T cells in these anatomically distinct sites in HIV-infected individuals. The major findings to emerge were as follows: (i) depletion of gastrointestinal CD4 T cells is associated with high frequencies of infected CD4 T cells; (ii) HIV-specific T cells are present at low frequencies in the gastrointestinal tract compared to blood; (iii) BAL CD4 T cells are not massively depleted during the chronic phase; (iv) infection frequencies of BAL CD4 T cells are similar to those in blood; (v) significantly higher frequencies and increased functionality of HIV-specific T cells were observed in BAL compared to blood. Taken together, these data suggest mechanisms for mucosal CD4 T-cell depletion and interventions that might circumvent global depletion of mucosal CD4 T cells. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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