Joint effects of pesticides and ultraviolet-B radiation on amphibian larvae
| Autor: | Shuangying Yu, Jonathan D. Maul, George P. Cobb, Mike Wages, Morgan M. Willming |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2015 |
| Předmět: |
Amphibian
Insecticides African clawed frog Ultraviolet Rays Health Toxicology and Mutagenesis Zoology Biology Abnormalities Radiation-Induced Toxicology Xenopus laevis chemistry.chemical_compound biology.animal Nitriles Pyrethrins Toxicity Tests Animals Pesticides Endosulfan Larva integumentary system Chlorothalonil Abnormalities Drug-Induced Environmental Exposure General Medicine Environmental exposure Pesticide biology.organism_classification Pollution chemistry Malathion |
| Zdroj: | Environmental Pollution. 207:248-255 |
| ISSN: | 0269-7491 |
| Popis: | A combination of multiple stressors may be linked to global amphibian declines. Of these, pesticides and UVB radiation co-exposures were examined on the African clawed frog (Xenopus laevis) to provide information that may be useful for amphibian conservation. The independent action model and inferential statistics were used to examine interactions between pesticides (malathion, endosulfan, α-cypermethrin, or chlorothalonil) and environmentally relevant UVB exposures. UVB radiation alone caused 35-68% mortality and nearly 100% of malformations. Pesticides and UVB had additive effects on larval mortality; however, several non-additive effects (antagonistic and synergistic interactions) were observed for total body length. Insecticides mainly affected axial development, whereas UVB radiation caused high incidence of edema, gut malformations, and abnormal tail tips. These results suggest that sublethal developmental endpoints were more sensitive for detecting joint effects. This work has implications for amphibian risk assessments for ecosystems where pesticides and high UVB radiation may co-occur. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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