Chronic cigarette smoking is associated with diminished folate status, altered folate form distribution, and increased genetic damage in the buccal mucosa of healthy adults
| Autor: | Zhenhua Liu, Joel B. Mason, Mary K. Keyes, Gerard E. Dallal, Abbey Johnston, Haifa Ghandour, Helen E. Gabriel, Donna Mager, Marie R. Nadeau, Sang-Woon Choi, Jimmy W. Crott, Hyeran Jang |
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| Rok vydání: | 2006 |
| Předmět: |
Vitamin
Adult Male Pathology medicine.medical_specialty Erythrocytes Buccal swab Medicine (miscellaneous) Physiology Nutritional Status chemistry.chemical_compound Folic Acid Medicine Humans Pyridoxal Aged Aged 80 and over Chromosome Aberrations Nutrition and Dietetics Micronucleus Tests business.industry Smoking Case-control study Mouth Mucosa Buccal administration DNA Middle Aged B vitamins chemistry Case-Control Studies Pyridoxal Phosphate Micronucleus test Vitamin B Complex Female business Micronucleus |
| Zdroj: | The American journal of clinical nutrition. 83(4) |
| ISSN: | 0002-9165 |
| Popis: | Background: Smoking causes genetic damage in buccal cells and increases the risk of oral cancer. Because folate is instrumental in DNA synthesis and repair, it is a determinant of genetic stability and therefore might attenuate the genotoxic effects of smoking. Objective: Our aim was to compare the presence of folate metabolites and select indicators of genetic damage in the mouths of chronic smokers and nonsmokers. Design: Dietary, biochemical, and molecular correlates of folate status were measured in healthy smoker (n = 35) and nonsmoker (n = 21) groups of comparable age, sex, and body mass indexes. Results: After correction for dietary intake, the smokers displayed lower plasma, erythrocyte, and buccal mucosal cell (BMC) folate (20%, 32%, and 50% lower, respectively; P < 0.05) and lower plasma vitamin B-12 and pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (P < 0.05) than did nonsmokers. Folate in the BMCs of smokers comprised significantly greater proportions of pteroylmonoglutamate, formyltetrahydrofolate, and 5,10-methenyltetrahyrofolate than did folate in the BMCs of nonsmokers. Although the degree of genomic methylation and uracil incorporation in the buccal cells of the 2 groups were not significantly different, the BMC micronucleus index, a cytologic indicator of genetic damage, in the smokers was 2-fold that of the nonsmokers (9.57 compared with 4.44 micronuclei/1000 cells; P < 0.0001). Neither systemic nor oral folate status was an independent predictor of micronuclei. Conclusions: Chronic smoking is associated with a lower systemic status of several B vitamins, reduced oral folate, and changes in folate form distribution in the mouth. However, the cytologic damage that is evident in the mouths of smokers does not correlate with oral folate status. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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